10 Class Maths Paper

SAMPLE PAPER – 2008 Class – X SUBJECT – MATHEMATICS Time: 3 hrs Marks: 80 General Instructions: ( I ) All questions are compulsory. ( ii ) The question paper consists of 30 questions divided into four sections –A, B, C and D. Section A contains 10 questions of 1 mark each, Section B is of 5 questions of 2 marks each, Section C is of 10 questions of 3 marks each and section D is of 5 questions of 6 marks each. ( iii ) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question of two marks each, three questions of three marks each and two questions of six marks each. ( iv ) In question on construction, the drawing should be neat and exactly as per the given measurements. ( v ) Use of calculator is not permitted. SECTION A ( Qns 1 – 10 carry 1 mark each ) 1. If HCF ( a, b ) = 12 and a x b = 1800. Find LCM ( a, b ). 2. Find the zeros of the quadratic polynomial from the graph.Y 4 3 2 1 X X’ -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 -1 -2 -3 Y’ 3. If the pair of linear equations x – y = 1 and x + ky = 5 has a unique solution x = 2, y = 1, find the value of k. 4. If x = 4sin2? and y = 4 cos2? + 1. Find the value of x + y. 5. Find the value of P, if cos( 810 + ? ) = sin( P/3 – ? ). 6. A horse is tied to a peg at one corner of an equilateral triangle shaped grass field of side 15m by means of a 7m rope.Find the area of that part of the field in which the horse can graze. 7. Two tangents PQ and PR are drawn from an external point P to a circle with centre O. If LQOR = 1200, then what is the value of LOPQ? Q O P R 8. An observer 1. 5m tall is 28. 5m away from a tower. The angle of elevation of the top of the tower from her eye is 450. What is the height of the tower? A B 450 C 1. 5m D 28. 5m E 9. The graph of the less than ogive and more than ogive intersect at the point ( 4, 15). What is the value of the median? 0. Suppose you drop a die on the rectangular region shown in fig. What is the probabil ity that it will land inside the circle with diameter 1m ? 2m 3m SECTION B ( Qns 11 – 15 carry 2 marks each ) 11. If 9th term of an A. P is 99 and 99th term is 9, find its 108th term. 12. A letter of English alphabet is chosen at random. What is the probability that the chosen letter is ( i ) a vowel ( ii ) a consonant. 13. If 2x + y = 35 and 3x + 4y = 65, find the value of x/y. 14.Show that the three points ( 3, 3 ), ( h, 0 ) and ( 0, k ) are collinear if 1/h + 1/k = 1/3 15. Find the zeros of the quadratic polynomial x2 + 11x + 30, and verify the relationship between the zeros and coefficients. OR Divide the polynomial p ( x ) by g ( x ) and find the quotient and remainder. p( x ) = x4 – 3Ãâ€"2 + 4x + 5 g ( x ) = x2 + 1 – x SECTION C ( Qns 16 – 25 carry 3 marks each ) 16. A shopkeeper buys a number of books for Rs80. If he had bought 4 more books for the same amount, each book would cost him Re 1 less. How many books did he buy? 7. Prove that v3 is irra tional. 18. Find the values of k for which the quadratic equation 2Ãâ€"2 – kx + x + 8 = 0 will have real and equal roots. 19. Draw a right triangle in which the sides ( other than hypotenuse ) are of length 4cm and 3cm. Then construct another triangle whose sides are 5/3 times the corresponding sides of the given triangle. 20. Prove the following identity: 1 – 1 = 1 – 1 . cosec? – cot? sin? sin? cosec? + cot? OR Without using trigonometric tables, evaluate:Sec2100 – cot2800 + sin150cos750 + cos150sin750 . Cos? sin( 900 – ? ) + sin? cos( 900 – ? ) 21. In fig. DE // OQ and DF // OR. Show that EF // QR. P D E F O Q R OR XP and XQ are two tangents to a circle with centre O from a point X out side the circle. ARB is tangent to a circle at R. Prove that XA + AR = XB + BR. P A O RX Q B 22. Show that the line segment joining the points ( -5, 8 ) and ( 10, -4 ) is trisected by the coordinate axes. 23.The line segment joining A ( 6, 3 ) to B ( -1, -4 ) is doubled in length by having half its length added to each end. Find the coordinates of the new ends. 24. In fig. LACB = 900 and CD + AB. Prove that BC2 = BD AC2 AD C A D B 25. Find the area of the shaded region if radii of the two concentric circles with centre O are 14cm and 21cm respectively and LAOC = 300. O 300 B D A C OR Calculate the area of the designed region in fig. common between two quadrants of circles of radius 8cm each. cm ***** 8cm ****** 8cm ****** * * 8cm SECTION D ( Qns 26 – 30 carry 6 marks each ) 26. Prove that in a triangle, if square of one side is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides, then the angle opposite to the first side is a right angle. Using the above do the following: In quadrilateral ABCD, LB = 900. If AD2 = AB2 + BC2 + CD2, then prove that LACD = 900. D C A B 27. From a stationary shop, Joseph bought two pencils and three chocklates for Rs11 and Sumeet bought one pencil and two chocklates for Rs7.Represent this problem in the form of a pair of linear equations. Find the price of one pencil and one chocklate graphically. 28. A man standing on the deck of a ship, which is 10m above the water level, observes the angle of elevation of the top of a hill as 600 and angle of depression of the base of the hill as 300. Calculate the distance of the hill from the ship and the height of the hill. 29. A vessel is in the form of a hemispherical bowl, surmounted by a hollow cylinder.The diameter of the hemisphere is 12cm and the total height of the vessel is 16cm. Find the capacity of the vessel. Also find the internal surface area of the vessel. OR A hollow cone is cut by a plane parallel to the base and the upper portion is removed. If the curved surface of the remainder is 8/9 of the curved surface of the whole cone, find the ratio of the line-segments into which the cone’s altitude is divided by the plane. 30. The following table gives the distribution of the life time of 400 neon lamps: Life time ( in hours ) |Number of lamps | |1500 – 2000 |14 | |2000- 2500 |56 | |2500 – 3000 |60 | |3000 – 3500 |86 | |3500 – 4000 |74 | |4000 – 4500 |62 | |4500 – 5000 |48 | Find the median life time of a lamp. OR Find the mean marks from the following data: |Marks |Number of students | |Below 10 |4 | |Below 20 |10 | |Below 30 |18 |Below 40 |28 | |Below 50 |40 | |Below 60 |70 | M . P . S U R E S H B A B U Mob: 9 4 4 7 1 4 2 9 3 4 E-mail:suresh_ [email  protected] co. in ANSWERS |1. 150 |11. 0 |21. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. or †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ | |2. 3, 1 |12. 5/26, 21/26 |22. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. | |3. k = 3 |13. 3 |23. ( 19/2, 13/2 ),(-9/2, -15/2) | |4. 5 |14. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ |24. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. | |5. p = 270 |15. -6, -5 |25. 64 1/4cm2 or 36 4/7cm2 | | |or q (x ) = x2 + x – 3, r = 8 | | |6. 25 2/3cm2 |16. 16 |26. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. | |7. 00 |17. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. |27. Re 1, Rs 3 | |8. 30m |18. 9, -7 |28. 10 v3m, 40m | |9. 4 |19. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. |29. 1584cm3, 602. 88cm2 | | | |or 1:2 | |10. ? /24 |20. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Or 2 |30. 3406. 98 hours | | | |or 40. 7 |

Chartered Accountant in Montreal

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The purpose of this report is to help me prepare for a career as a chartered in Canada, specifically in a firm in Montreal. I would like to graduate from John Molson School of Business with a grade point average that is higher than three so that I can then apply to the CA program and become a chartered accountant. Before I do all that, I need to get as much information as possible about the job and about the business field in general. In this report I will be using many different sources that will help me gain the information and the experience that I need.The first source is a book called â€Å"Successfully Managing your Accounting Career† by Henry Labus. â€Å"Montreal Financial: Small Business Accounting and Financial Consulting† is the blog that I will be using for this report from: http://www. montrealfinancial. ca/blog/. Accountants World Do More Do better is the discussion forum from: //www. accountantsworld. com/newforums/. The newsletter that I will be using is called The Accounting and Bookkeeping Tips Newsletter (www. accounting-and-bookkeeping-tips. com). â€Å"Issues in Accounting Education† is the peer reviewed journal that I am using for this report (http://aaahq. rg/pubs/issues. htm). As a primary source, my friend Michael Lewin will be available to help me in my career. The charitable organization I would like to volunteer for is the synagogue Hekhal Shalom. As an additional source I found the† Association Canada† (http://0-site. ebrary. com. mercury. concordia. ca/lib/concordia/docDetail. action? docID=10413264) repertoire where I can find association that have to do with the accounting job in Canada. A bar graph demonstrates how Montreal is the best city for continuing my education after my bachelor so that I can become a CA.A survey is also provided so that chartered accountants in Montreal can actually help me by telling me what they went through. Purpose Statement The purpose of this repor t is to help me prepare for a career as a chartered accountant in Canada, specifically in a firm in Montreal. BOOK REFERENCE Title: Successfully Managing Your Accounting Career Author: Henry Labus Date and Location of Publication: 1988 URL: http://www. flipkart. com/successfully-managing-your-accounting-career-book-0471633887 DescriptionThis book is about how life would be when I become an accountant; it basically explains everything there is to know about living the life of an accountant; such as: career planning, balancing home and career life, what is going on in the accounting fields. Justification This is the most relevant book for my specific carer search because it gives me a head up on what is coming up in my career plans and it gives me insight on the job itself and shows me what it is like. Most accountants have a hectic lifestyle and this book should show me how to balance my career and my personal life. BLOGTitle: Montreal Financial: Small Business Accounting and Financi al Consulting Author: Ronika Khanna, Chartered Accountant and Chartered Financial Analyst URL: http://www. montrealfinancial. ca/blog/ Date & Time Last Viewed: Sunday November 7, 2010 Date of Most Recent Post: Thursday, November 4, 2010 Description This blog gives me general information about what is going on in the accountancy field and in business in general. It has many different categories that allow me to easily browse the blog. The author post fun and interesting information about accounting and financial related issues.Justification This is the most relevant blog for my specific career search because if I read the post that the author is making, it can give me a better understanding of the field that I am looking forward to work in. I can learn many different things that not everyone is aware of and that way I can have competitive advantage knowledge in my field. DISCUSSION FORUM Title: Accountants World Do More Do better URL: http://www. accountantsworld. com/newforums/ Date & Time Last Viewed: Friday November 5, 2010 Date of Most Recent Post: Friday November 5, 2010Moderated: Not Indicated Description This discussion forum informs me about many different topics in accountancy such as: auditing, ethics, taxation, technology, financial planning and much more. It shows me the full discussion about the topic that I choose and it is very easy to understand. Justification This is the most relevant discussion forum for my specific career search because, I can learn about every different aspect of the field; in order to become a chartered accountant in Montreal, I need to know as much as I can, and get as much help as I can get.It is also a great networking tool and an easy way to find different opinions from professionals in the accounting workforce. NEWSLETTER Title: The Accounting and Bookkeeping Tips Newsletter Author: N/A Subscription URL: http://www. accounting-and-bookkeeping-tips. com/accounting-basics-newsletter. htm Frequency of Distribution: Weekly Date & Time Last Viewed: Friday November 5, 2010 Date of Most Recent Issue: Sunday November 7, 2010 Description This online newsletter sends weekly e-mails about all sorts of different subjects that directly relate to my future career plans.It gives me marketing opportunities in the accounting industry; it shows me how to get involved in the business world and how to sell myself as a professional. Justification This is the most relevant newsletter for my specific career search because it only sends me valuable information about the accounting job but it also gives me tips and ideas of how to make myself work and shape me for my future profession. This newsletter keeps me up to date with news in the industry. PEER REVIEWED JOURNAL Journal Title: Issues in Accounting EducationPublisher: American Accounting Association Subscription Coordinates: http://aaahq. org/pubs/issues. htm, then click on submission information and it shows you exactly what to do to subscribe. Description This pe er review journal is very focused on the accounting field. It describes many issues that have to do with students in the accounting major and it illustrates different factors that affect the student accounting career choice. It reviews many journals that regard the accountancy field and more specifically the chartered accounting career. JustificationThis peer reviewed journal is most relevant to my job search because I am still in school and I don’t know what the future of my education can be like, so this peer review journal can help me learn about how a student behaves and copes with all the problems before I find my job, and I could read about many topics that have to do with my career choice. PRIMARY SOURCE Description My primary source is my friend Michael Lewin. He was a John Molson student that is currently working as a chartered accountant in Montreal, which is exactly what I would like to do.He is a reliable source because every time I need help or if I have a questi on about school, he will always help me. Justification This is the most relevant primary source for my specific career search because I know this man for a long time and he is very reliable, we come from the same high school as well as the same college, therefore he knows exactly what I have to go through in order to become what I want to be. CHARITABLE ORGANIZATION Title: Hekhal Shalom Synagogue Contact Coordinates: Rabbi Ronen Abitbol 825 Rue Gratton, Saint-Laurent H4M 2G4, QC (514-831-4530) DescriptionThis organisation is a place where Jewish people come to pray and study the bible. This is a charitable organization that helps Jewish people be more in touch with their religious side. It also helps young Jewish kids learn and study about the bible. This organisation gets a lot of donations from people who go there and it spends a lot of money for people that don`t have the financial capabilities to be happy. From my end, I can volunteer to help with the accounting department of th is organization by doing the basic book keeping or data entry so that I can be working with people who know the field and gain more experience.Justification This is the most relevant charitable organization for my specific career search because I actually go there to pray and study, therefore it would be a good deed for me to volunteer and give my time to the community and also it will allow me to learn and get the on hand experience that I am looking for in order to pursue my career plans. ASSOCIATION Source: Association Canada (http://0-site. ebrary. com. mercury. concordia. ca/lib/concordia/docDetail. action? docID=10413264) DescriptionThis source is the association repertoire of Canada; where I can find any association that I am looking for, including accounting associations. In order to get as much information as possible I looked up an association that is relevant to my career choice. Justification This is the most relevant association repertoire for my specific job search bec ause when I find all these different associations, I can contact them (either electronically or in person) so that I can ask questions about my future career plans.Since this is a Canadian association repertoire, it is easy for me to find the information I need because I want to work in Montreal. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this report states what I need to do to launch my career and help me gain as much information and experience as I can before I graduate and become a chartered accountant in the city of Montreal. BIBLIOGRAPHY Abitbol, Ronen. â€Å"Volunteer Work At Hekhal Shalom. † Personal interview. Associations Canada, 2010 Le Repertoire Des Associations Du Canada. Toronto, Ont. : Grey House Pub.Canada, 2010. Ebrary. Concordia, 2010. Web. 07 Nov. 2010. . Canada. Institue De La Statistique Quebec. Institue De La Statistique Quebec. Gouvernement Du Quebec, 17 Feb. 2010. Web. 7 Nov. 2010. Interview. Accountants World Do More Do Better. 05 Nov. 2010. Web. 05 Nov. 2010. . Issue s in Accounting Education (2010). American Accounting Association. Web. 07 Nov. 2010. . Khanna, Ronika. Web log post. Montreal Financial: Small Business Accounting and Financial Consulting. 04 Nov. 2010. Web. 07 Nov. 2010. . Labus, Henry.Successfully Managing Your Accounting Career. New York: Wiley, 1988. Print. Lewin, Michael. â€Å"How to Become a Charted Accountant in Montreal. † Personal interview. The Accounting and Bookkeeping Tips Newsletter. The Accounting and Bookkeeping Tips Newsletter. 07 Nov. 2010. Web. 05 Nov. 2010. . APPENDIX Figures Source:http://www. stat. gouv. qc. ca/donstat/societe/education/etat_scolr/tab3_niv_sco_2006. htm Justification I found a set of statistics that shows how many diplomas above bachelor level are completed in Montreal and in other cities in Quebec.The statistics in this figure will help me prepare for my career because, I can see that Montreal is the city where higher levels of education (such as chartered accountant) are mostly distr ibuted and therefore I can keep studying in Montreal because I know that it is the better city to study in. SURVEY -Intro Paragraph Hello, I am a currently studying accounting at the John Molson School of Business in Montreal. This survey is given to you so that you can help me gain all the information and resources that I need in order to become a charted accountant in the city of Montreal. -RespondentsThis survey will be distributed mostly to accountants that are currently working in Montreal. It can also be distributed to teacher of the accounting field. -Justification The main reason why I want this survey to be distributed to the specific respondents is simply because they all had to go through the same process and they know all the problems and solutions. The responses from this group of people can help me in my career because I would like to follow their footsteps and with the information that they give me I can learn a lot of things. 1) What is the best school to do the CA p rogram? – Concordia b – McGill c – HEC d – Other _______________ 2) How would you rate working as an accountant on a day to day basis (1 being the best, 5 being the worst)? _____________ 3) Which field is more interesting and profitable; auditing or taxation? _____________ 4) What do you recommend I do if my GPA is lower than 3. 0? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5) What is the best city in Canada to work as a chartered accountant? a – Vancouver

The Role Of Managers In Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

The Role Of Managers In Organization - Essay Example With this ‘living’ group, and the material things like capital, machines, infrastructure etc the managers will embark on an organization. But, in most cases, the managers will normally take over or manage an existing organization and its employees. The methodology used to analyze the topic thesis how motivation, excellence and importantly retention levels can be optimized by developing an optimal incentive program for the managers and the employees involves analysis of close to 6 sources, including books, journals and websites. Using these sources and the common concepts about leadership, motivation, recruitment, training and importantly retention, this research or research part of the paper will be done. The method of research for this study will mainly come from the secondary sources, specifically for the enterprise. That is, as the paper discusses the how motivation and retention levels can be optimized by developing an optimal incentive program, without reference to any particular organization, additional information to explain its strategies and structure has to be sourced from secondary sources. The information from secondary sources can be maximally correlated to do the paper and explain the problem statement. That is, the role of the incentive programs for increasing the motivational levels can be firstly analyzed and then that optimum motivation will translate into high retention levels for the organization.

Judicial review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Judicial review - Essay Example In England and Wales the Civil Procedure Rules requires that any claim form in respect of an application for judicial review must be filed within three months from the time that the grounds to make the claim first arose1. Judicial review permits people with sufficient interest in a decision or action by a public body to seek judicial review in respect of the legality of an enactment or a decision and action or failure to act in relation to the exercise of a public function2. Judicial review can be resorted to whenever right of appeal is absent or if all avenues of appeal have been exhausted. In such cases the court may insist upon both the defendant and the claimant to provide evidence for the existence of alternative means of resolving their dispute and as such the court will view such litigation as a last resort and will not issue any premature claims. In Morbaine Limited v First Secretary of State3, the Secretary of State granted planning permission for a large mixed-use development. A petition was filed under the Town and Country Planning Act, in the court to quash that decision4. This means of challenge is available to any person who is aggrieved by such decisions. However Blackburne J dismissed the application holding that the petitioners had no grounds of challenge as it lacks sufficient standing for the purposes of section 288. This decision makes it amply clear that petitioner must have a real or genuine interest in obtaining the relief sought. In R v Enfield London Borough Council5, the council accorded permission for Grade II listed building to be used as offices and for the construction of a nursing home in the premises. The conservation advisory group consented to these proposals. The claimant contended that these decisions were invalid due to the bias inherent among the conservation advisory group members. Richards J accepted this and quashed the

Media Log and Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Media Log and Analysis - Essay Example Through an analysis of my media consumption, I managed to draw some conclusions and decipher a pattern. I will highlight the issue of sending text messages first. I realized that I am accustomed to sending more text messages during periods that I am not engaging actively in another activity. For example, I am likely to send very few texts when I am driving or playing video games. From my records, I sent a minimum of 30 messages over the 7 hours that I was busy playing video games. On the contrary, I sent 150 messages over a similar duration when I did not have much to do. This makes it clear that sending messages is a preferred preoccupation during times when I have nothing else to do. My first day of recording was a Friday and considering the fact that I sent 263 messages on Friday and 150 on Saturday, I deciphered that Saturday is a busier day translating to lesser time spent sending messages. The number of messages sent on Friday tells it all that I had little to do and I needed t o preoccupy myself through catching up with friends via messages. From this, I deciphered a negative relationship between the level of activity in the realistic world and the level of engagement in the electronic media world. Although sending text messages is fun, I realize that is should engage in real-time conversations with people. In addition, text messages often leave the recipient with a lot of room of reading in between the lines and deciphering more that a simple text intended to communicate. Moreover, I realized that it is easier for me to send a text message that starting up a conversation when I am around people (Wankel and Shaun 139). This serves to highlight the negative effects of relying on electronic media. Apparently, although I spent a lot of time sending text messages, phone calls are limited. On the first day, which was a Friday, I recorded fourteen calls. Interestingly, half of these calls were from family while the rest were from my close associates. The other two days had fewer phone calls because I was a lot busier. Sunday had only five phone calls and this implies that I spent quality time having real time conversations. Sending more text messages and having few phone calls reveals a different pattern in electronic media consumption. It shows sending messages is a preference over telephone conversations. The fact that I only engage in only fourteen phone calls while sending 263 text messages to friends only implies that I find it easier to talk to peers who are miles apart through messaging services. Moreover, I sent 126 messages on Friday from 22hrs to 4.00 am, but only had three phone calls. This implies that there is great preference to text friends during the night than during the day. However, this only happens when I am not busying myself with another form of electronic media, such as video gaming. It is evident that sending text messages has taken away the beauty of face-to-face relationships. Before this analysis, I had never r ealized that I have detached myself from the real people in my life. This has occurred in two ways. During my free time, I am busy with my phone instead of engaging actively with the people next to me (Wankel and Shaun 139). For example, it is likely for me to be sending text messages, active on the internet or checking mails instead of catching up with family over dinner. Alternatively, I would also watch a movie

Financial analysis of Vodafone and Exeter University Essay

Financial analysis of Vodafone and Exeter University - Essay Example Establish a robust and emerging market. The organization aims to manage a dynamic portfolio in order to render the maximum gains to its investors and shareholders. The capital structure of the firm must be aligned in such a manner that the return and strategy are both in tandem with each other and the shareholders gain maximum returns with the new three year dividend target. The Key Performance Indicators of Vodafone are based on the continuous monitoring and control by the Board of the Directors along with the Executive Committee to measure the financial performance of the company against the strategic objectives. The performance is measured on both the financial and non-financial terms reflecting upon the organizational strategy and operations. The free cash flow generated by the organization values ?7,241m which can be used by investments and other financial purposes such as manager’s salary etc. The organic growth of the company is estimated to be ?4,051m , almost 19.3 % T he capital expenditure incurred by the company for meeting the needs and requirements of its customers is ?6,192m It was witnessed that at the end of the financial year 2010, many markets relocated to NPS that is another source to measure the customer satisfactory levels. EBITDA is used as a measure to monitor and control segment wise performance of the company which is calculated to be ?14,735m (7.4) % in 2010. Apart from the above, the performance of the company can also be judged from the total increase in employees from last year to a count of 5893 employees out of which major senior positions have been grabbed by female employees. Vodafone has to combat threat of fierce competition among few... Financial analysis of Vodafone and Exeter University Vodafone Group being a private company deals in the global telecommunication business which is headquartered in UK and spread across 30 countries. The organization extends a wide span of voice and data services to many countries across the world through the medium of mobiles. The span of control extends from Europe, Africa, and Middle East, America to Asia-Pacific. The product line of the company ranges from fixed line, internet services to digital television. The total revenue of the organization in the year 2010 was  £44.47 billion; the operating income was calculated to be  £9.480 billion and the total profit was ascertained to be  £156.98 billion in 2010. The organization stands second in terms to total number of subscribers. The company is a listed company featured in the primary list of London Stock Exchange and secondary listing on NASDAQ, also being a fundamental component of 100 Index. The total revenue of the Vodafone group has witnessed an 8.4 percent increase, reach ing almost  £44,472 million. Vodafone believes that EBITDA that is ascertains does not entail few items that may have an impact on the company’s performance, hence to offset the imbalance the EBITDA is evaluated in coordination with the other GAAP and non-GAAP principles that gives a fair view of its operating profit figures. However the adjusted operating profit calculated by the firm does not include non-operating income, the impairment losses etc.

Small Business & Entrepreneurship Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Small Business & Entrepreneurship - Coursework Example Medical Services Tourism is not without many business risks, including high levels of competition from intermediary companies designed to help consumers plan itineraries for medical services. There are also risks to the client that must be considered, including ensuring that they fully understand their own health risks so as to secure liability factors for the business itself. In terms of strategic objectives, a comprehensive risk management system must be developed. However, outside of these risks, profit potential is quite considerable due to the large customer demand that exists in many different foreign countries. Singapore was chosen as the country to launch the new Medical Services Tourism company because of its award-winning infrastructure, the ability to raise new capital through a variety of means and even for the education system that can provide quality employment for the business by skilled professionals. Singapore is ideal for Medical Services Tourism and this business plan provides a comprehensive plan for the launch of the company. Medical Services Tourism is a start up company with an onsite facility for receipt of travellers and to satisfy their inquiries on medical tourism. The company will gain profit from several different business activities related to the tourism industry in Singapore. Medical Services Tourism will act as an agent that facilitates tourism of international citizens looking for quality and affordable health care that they might not be able to achieve in their home country. The agency will have tie-ups with hospitals in not only Singapore, but other foreign countries. The agency will coordinate patient transfers that it receives from overseas hospitals and acts as a referring agent to cost-effective local hospitals in Singapore based on their own unique needs. The agency will make profit by charging commission on these

Combating Money Laundering Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Combating Money Laundering - Research Paper Example Technological advances are some of the avenues that have made money laundering easier as criminals exploit these technologies to conceal the illegal sources of their valuables such as money and jewels. Fortunately, governments have recognized the menace, which is money laundering and have designed, implemented, and evaluated the effectiveness of these interventions in curbing financial crimes such as money laundering. The United States, for example mandates the Department of Treasury and agencies such as the FinCEN to implement anti-money laundering policies. However, more needs to be done for money laundering to e effectively detected, prevented, and stopped all together. Introduction Recent times have recorded an increase in the rate and scope of international crimes, more so with respect to the financial aspects of crimes. This scenario has been prompted by the globalization and the rapidly advancing technologies. Money related crimes have since become major multifaceted problems for law enforcement and the public. Besides being local and national crime problem, money laundering has become an international problem, prompting major financial and political superpowers such as the United States of America and other Western states to design and implement various strategies and policies to curb the issue (Harvey, 2008). Consequent to this increasing threat of money laundering and other financial crimes, many a state has since embarked on concerted efforts to combat this kind of crime. Included in these strategies is the designing and the enactment of counter-money laundering laws, shared by many agencies, institutions, and countries. Second, some countries such as the United States of America have established stringent bilateral and multilateral agreements to strengthen their monitory policies and practices and to further collaboration among states of similar interests. These collaborative efforts specifically target the creation of awareness of the serious threa t that is money laundering among states. In addition, efforts have not been spared in spreading the message on the importance of acknowledging that money laundering is in deed a problem that affects society directly (Levi & Gilmore, 2002). Furthermore, countries such as the United States of America prevent organizations considered criminals from accessing its financial systems. This paper explains what money laundering is, how it is used, and the steps the United States has taken to curb the crime. Money Laundering Illegal money is often the outcome of most criminal acts, which are mostly driven by greed for profit. Consequent to profits of criminal acts and omissions, illicit money often find their way into the legal financial systems of a country. Generally, money laundering entails concealing given financial assets so that their illegal activities are not detected. In fact, money laundering is one of the factors supporting organized crimes as criminals mix the monetary proceeds f rom their criminal acts with other seemingly legal sources (Kochan, 2005). There are several negative effects of money laundering. These include its effects on fueling terrorists, arms dealers, drug dealers, and other criminals, thus expanding their operations. Additionally, money laundering criminals have managed to manipulate financial systems in the United States and other countries, further

Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 7

Ethics - Essay Example This paper aims to present a case study related to an ethical dilemma and the decision suggested to solve the situation. Additionally, it shall evaluate the decision from a viewpoint of utilitarianism, Kantian moral philosophy, Gandhism or Buddhism. The case study that I have selected for this paper is not my personal experience, but it pertains to one of my first cousin, Liana, who has been working as a journalism professor for many years. She has a good experience in her field and possesses a strong command over the subject (writing and sub-editing) as she has been teaching the subject in different institutions and also, holds a Masters degree in the subject. She is quite friendly and has always told me about her teaching ways and behavior that one must have with students in the class. She has always taught her students by maintaining a friendly environment and has always made herself available to help students with their problems within class or outside the class. She has develope d a good understanding with all students, and she has always intended to remain cooperative with them for their academic matters. Last year, at the end of the semester, she gave an assignment to all her students of reviewing five articles, which was to be submitted within 25 days. A day before submission date, one of her good and obedient students named David requested her to give him two extras days to complete and submit the assignment. David did not present any suitable reason for requesting an extension in the submission time. Thus, despite the fact that he was good student and always submitted his work on time, Liana did not grant him the permission to submit assignment after the submission day. For Liana, this situation was quite challenging and she considered this as an ethical dilemma for her as she was quite confused with her own decision. But, being loyal with the profession and honest with all other students of the class, unwillingly she decided not to grant him with extr a time. However, on the day of submission she received assignments from all students including David. She was happy that he had completed his work on time and she appreciated him in the class, but she noticed that he did not respond her properly. She was confused again and decided to check David's assignment before she can further comment on or think about this situation. Upon checking his assignment, she noticed that he had submitted plagiarized work. Out of five article reviews, two were completely plagiarized, while other three article reviews were well-written without plagiarism and other mistakes. Liana has been very strict with her students regarding the issue of plagiarism in their work and her students were aware of the fact and they have always avoided plagiarism to secure good marks in assignments and avoid disciplinary actions against them. In case of David, it was hard to believe that an above average student like him can plagiarize in two reviews in this manner. For an honest and generous teacher like Liana, it was an ethical dilemma to decide whether she should fail David in his assignment like she has done it before for all those who have submitted plagiarized work or she should give David marks on those three articles that he has completed without plagiarism. In this case, she was recalling David's request for granting him more time to complete the given assignment, but

Education system essay Essay Example for Free

Education system essay Essay From the articles I have read, it seems as though parents, teachers, and the education system continue to blame one another for poor student performance in school and on state tests. However, I believe that each of these groups plays a key role in student success or failure. School administration and board members seem to be completely oblivious to the real reasons students perform poorly and parents lack involvment in their childrens schooling and education at home. I do believe that income does play a key role in education, however, I dont agree with it. Schools in low income neighborhoods dont recieve the proper funding to provide students with the materials they need to be successful in school, but the students dont score high enough on state tests to earn the school money for these materials; its a lose lose situation (Barbanel, 2002). For these issues, I believe the lack of government involvment and recognition is the cause of student failure. Despite all these factors, students should also be held accountable for being successful in school. Even if schools recieve proper funding, materials, and training, it is ultimately up to the student to stay motivated to succeed. From personal experience, I found that it was much easier to stay motivated in classes that I felt engaged in. The classes that teachers made a connection with me in and really knew their stuff were always the classes I had a higher success rate in. I think teacher involvement is a huge deal in school, it makes a student want to go to school, and feel like they belong rather than just going because they have to. Recently, Maine and fourty-four other states have adopted the new Common Core standards that will make academic standards even higher for kids in grades K-12 (Gallagher, 2013). The purpose of these standards is to increase critical thinking skills and teach students to solve problems on their own. Common Core is designed to allow teachers to be facilitators and students to take responsiblity for their own education. However, as positive and ecouraging as Common Core sounds, experts say that a drop as high as 40% will be seen in the new testing in 2015 (Gallagher, 2013). ____________________________________________________________ BARBANEL, J. (2002, March 31). Elementary and Middle School Report Cards. Retrieved from The New York Times: http://ethemes.pearsoncmg.com/0205405940/article_06/index.html Ghallagher, N. K. (2013, July 7). Back-to-school means facing tougher academic standards this fall | The Kennebec Journal, Augusta, ME. Retrieved from http://www.kjonline.com/news/test-scores-likely-to-drop-under-new-standards_2013-07-20.html

Current Issues In Marketing

Current Issues In Marketing This report aims to discuss social network marketing, which is a current issue in the field of marketing. The report seeks to describe the importance and advantages of marketing on social networks for restaurants, particularly 21 Hospitality Group of restaurants. We also draw upon some issues which should be taken care of, when businesses go ahead with such approach to marketing. Introduction The internet and other digital media have transformed marketing (Chaffey, 2006). Customers are rapidly embracing the internet, so organization must have an effective visibility on Internet to prosper. The internet also has evolved over time, it is no longer just a source of information (Hof, 2006). The human need to share, cooperate and socialize has driven people to create their lives online. A relatively new but most popular means of achieving this is through social network sites such as Facebook, MySpace, Orkut, LinkedIn etc. A social networking site can be defined as one that allows Internet users the ability to add user-generated content such as: comments, review, feedback, ratings, or their own dedicated pages. (Burns, 2007) They provide a virtual community for members interested in a similar subject or just want to hang out together. Voice, instant message, conference and blogs, are the usual means by which members communicate in a social network site. (www.computerhope.com, 2010) (www.mlc.executiveboard.com, 2008) As social networking sites become part of life of their members, they have become a potentially useful marketing tool. Social networking sites are an important medium to reach a diverse demograpy, including young generation, women, business consumers, and older individuals. Research shows that over 80% of consumers trust advice from friends online, which is thrice that of via traditional media, while making any purchase (Ward, 2007) This report discusses issues in using social networking site for marketing and how it is relevent to restaurants and The 21 hospitality group (Cafe 21 group) in particular. Social networks and marketing The standard marketing mediums of television, radio, and newspaper are constantly losing their effectiveness. As consumers are spending more time online, companies are beginning to follow them to the Internet. Companies striving to be relevant, especially among younger consumers, are increasingly tailoring marketing campaigns specifically to social networks. Such campaigns hope to interact with customers over time, in what companies hope will be in a memorable way. (King, 2006a) Burger King managed to make more than 114,000 friends on MySpace, in a successful marketing strategy where they created a profile for their mascot, The King. Through their site, users could watch free episodes of many TV. As Gillian Smith, Senior Director of Media and Interactive at Burger King puts it, Consumers respect us more as a brand if we are giving them something they can use. (King, 2006b)Every industry is using social networking media for marketing, brand awareness campaigns, consumer engagement and reputation monitoring. The restaurant industry is no different. Restaurants are a social medium of interaction among people offline, so going online is just a natural extension.  Restaurants also have advantage over other industries using social networking media. Social media is about visuals, sharing ideas, talking and telling stories. Similarly food is also very visual, both physically and emotionally. It evokes conversations, experiences, memories, and stories that people s hare. This is what social networking websites are all about! Chances are that if its a restaurant people talk about them online, discuss, rate and recommend them to friends. Chatter is happening. It may be very beneficial for restaurants to know whether it is going good, bad or in between to keep their business successful and popular. (Fruchter, 2009). This way they can adapt better to customer prefere nces and delight. Social marketing has distinct advantages which make it a vital tool for a marketing campaign. The members of social networking sites are niche groups with particular interests. These specialized members are a highly-targeted audiences.(Burns, 2007). Return on Investment is one of the most important criteria for any marketing campaign. For businesses such as restaurants, social marketing is one of the cheapest methods. Considering that fact that such sites vastly improve visibility, restaurants ultimately get good publicity for free. Also traditional e-marketing tools like banners and link ads are losing their charm as not many people trust them. But with social marketing, restaurants can give a more human emotional touch to attract potential customers. Social marketing helps to spread information fast (me, 2010). It also creates interactive bond with the customers. Social Networking Ideas (for cafà © 21 Group) 21 Hospitality group should adopt a comprehensive marketing strategy on social networks. They can start by creating profiles, networks and blogs on facebook, twitter etc. On these, they can feature aspects of a restaurant each week, such as inside the kitchen, basic cooking tips, greetings from a hostess along with her favourite appetizers, drink recipes from the bartender, and so on. People will get to know employees and food better, which creates an intimate and welcoming atmosphere when they visit the restaurants. They can hold contests where people vote for favourite menu item, submit their own ideas for a dish or dessert to be served. This will make the customers feel empowered. The groups website and profile page should be mentioned on brochures, menus and bills to get people log in to them and connect. Most members have their birthdays and anniversaries listed on such site which can be used to give discounts to prospective members on special occasions. This method will make the customers feel good and attract them to the restaurants. Cafe 21 Group should inform customers about new events, menus and happenings through these sites. Also they should invite reviews and feedbacks from their customers. They should go all out to please the customers as the customer is always the king. (Mehta, 2009). The feedbacks will be helpful for the group in providing better services. In addition, Cafe 21 group can visit other local restaurants on these sites, befriend them and comment on their pages. Customers, who dont know Cafe 21, may become aware by seeing those comments. Also, they can tie up with web  sites  dedicated to tourism in North-East and include a link to Cafe 21 groups site on their page. Things to look out for Before diving straight into social networking, a planned approach is required, especially for frequent users who will most likely spread the news about the food and services to other users and their friends. It is essential to emotionally connect with them and make them friends of the brand (Li, 2007) Cafe 21 Group also need to pick the apt sites, the one that most closely matches the intended customers. Transparency in communication is must to flourish trust and brand loyalty. A lot of users navigate using Google, Yahoo, or links in e-mail. So, businesses need to optimize visibility on these. Also they need to ensure that their content is of high enough interest, quality, or value that it will serve as link bait or bookmark bait. (Burns, 2007) A research by ExactTarget and Ball State University says that Internet users, aged 18-34, are more influenced by direct email and mail rather than marketing on social networks (Leggatt, 2008). This highlights that creating trust is an absolute must for an marketing strategy to be successful. Participation in social media needs much more work than just signing up for an account and then posting the details of lunch or dinner. It is very essential to hear feedbacks, reviews and conversations of customers. It will be very helpful to find out who is passionate about the brand, and give them extra information which they can share with others. Vandegrift says. You dont have to pay people. Just find out who really cares about you and give them some access. (Perlik, 2009) Restaurants should also be ready to respond to negativity. A quick and right response is required in times of negative feedbacks and publicity to hold erosion of any customer base. Above all, restaurants should always have something interesting to add to the conversation. Just listing menus makes the posts boring. Readers should be provided unique information which they cant find elsewhere. Restaurants like Cafe 21 can offer insider discount deals and promotions or something interesting now and then. (Perlik, 2009) Conclusion All businesses aim to increase their customer base. Before the Internet, many spread the word through word of mouth. Social marketing has now taken over as the online version of word of mouth. Harnessing it, in the right way will results in more customers, more sales, and a higher level of visibility online than ever before. (me, 2010) With the Net, a new way of conducting business is available, but it doesnt change the laws of business or most what really creates a competitive advantage. The fundamentals of competition remain unchanged. Michael Porter (cited in Newing, 2002) Advertising on social networking sites have clear advantages but still businesses should move forward with caution regards to ethical amd moral issues. The advertising should be just enough to promote the brand and expand customer base and also should not invade privacy of the users of that site. Cafe 21 group should go ahead with marketing on social media. It will open a new medium to connect with customers, but they should understand that this can not be the full marketing strategy. They still need to have traditional strategic marketing plans to maintain competitive advantage. Current Issues in Marketing Current Issues in Marketing Marketing is the process by which the producer and consumer communicate to enable the producers to sell their products to the consumers. The producers engage in introducing their brands to the prospective or already existing customers, informing them of the various specifications which make their products to stand out from the rest (Jaworski et al. 2016, n.d). Due to the evolution of time, the marketing sector in the business industry is currently facing many challenges with the rise of digitized marketing. The increasing use of social media platforms as tools for marketing has caused a drastic change in the manner of strategies for marketing drawn by various companies (McDuffee 2014, n.d). The revision of the strategies is to ensure that despite the changes, the producers are still able to retain their market share or if better, improve it. According to Russ Klein, the chief executive officer at American Markets Association, he highlights that the digital transformation in the contemporary marketing world has become a problem, more than it is of benefit (Jaworski et al. 2016, n.d). Digital transformation has contributed much in more in adding to managerial problems due to the narrow perception in handling the transformation. As time goes by, it is not only the marketing strategies that shift but also the manner in which the various businesses handle their issues. Communication methods, internal crowd-source innovation, among others keep changing hence marketing must also conform to the strategies employed by the business in handling its businesses (Jaworski et al. 2016, n.d). Within the same scope, one should also realize that the business models shift with regard to digitization hence marketing of products might not be as simple as it was in the past. When considering the strategic marketing plan, the company must take into consideration various aspects of the market to ensure that the plan is suitable to counter the competition in play. Previously, planning was based on the positioning statements, proper branding, and the 4 Ps which are currently being ignored by many due to the introduction of methods such as content marketing, marketing automation, SEM, among others (McDuffee 2014, n.d). The introduction of these methods, particularly social media marketing, has caused a number of people to ignore the basics of marketing, hence drawing plans that might influence negatively on the future. Working without a strategic plan is compared to engaging in the construction of a building without a blueprint and as a result a business may not achieve much (McDuffee 2014, n.d). Every proper strategy should ensure that the business model, objectives, and brands are taken into consideration to pave way for better structured marketing strategi es. Currently, businesses are more focused into rushing to social media platforms to make known what they deal in (McDuffee 2014, n.d). such actions make their businesses appear as having become a campaign with no strong basis. In spite of the modern marketing strategies that are in place, the basics of conducting business have not changed. People engage in the exchange of goods and services, just as before, and as a result the old methods, now termed as obsolete, are still applicable. The improvement in the level of technology in use in conducting businesses has led to the digitalization of every procedure including marketing. In particular, the use of social media platforms is currently a marketing trend that has taken the business industry by storm, yet might not be as productive if other forms of marketing are not jointly involved. To achieve a marketing advantage, the entrepreneur should not narrow their mind to this form of marketing only, but also improve the old fashioned techniques. References Jaworski, B., Malcolm, R., Morgan, N. (2016). American Marketing Association: 7 big problems in the marketing industry. Marketing News. [Online] In http://www.ama.org/publications/MarketingNews/Pages/7-big-problems-marketing.aspx   Accessed 9/1/2017. McDuffee, B. (2014). Editorial strategy and planning: Go back to the future with strategic marketing plans. [Online] Created 14/1/2014. In http://contentmarketinginstitute.com/2014/01/back-to-the-future-strategic-marketing-plan/   Accessed 9/1/2017.

The Aint-half-bad Tea Cake in Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay examp

The Ain't-half-bad Tea Cake in Their Eyes Were Watching God   Ã‚  Ã‚   Hurston did not design her novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God with the intent of creating a protagonist figure in Tea Cake Woods.   Hurston’s characters just naturally fit into the roles and personalities that African American women have been socialized to expect and accept from black men. The good over the bad; turn the other cheek; don't let it get you down. Forever taught that the road ain't gonna be easy and that a ain't-half-bad man is better than no man, African American women have been instilled with the belief that abuse, bitterness, and sadness can be ignored if there is something else to focus that energy on. In Janie's case, we are moved to accept Tea Cake, who is at times abusive, because of the way he makes Janie feel - young and happy. I first read the novel during my Junior year of high school, during which time our main focus was merely to include African American authors in the canon, not to search their writings for their social and political implications. For this reason, I left my first reading of Hurston's novel with glazed-over eyes and a lifelong quest, if not an obsession, for a man like Tea Cake. After another reading Their Eyes Were Watching God, I was shocked to discover just how much I had forgotten. How easily the details of Janie's first two husbands, Logan Killicks and Jody Starks, had escaped me. How willing I was to forget Tea Cake's abusive, indulgent ways in order to leave his reputation intact--in order to still love him when Janie was forced to take his life. After our class discussion, I became more and more disturbed by my ability to forgive and forget the first time around. Heartless slaps become love taps and petty ... ...rn Literary Journal 29.2 (Spring 1997): 45-61. Hurston, Zora Neale. Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937). : Urbana, Ill.: U of Illinois P, 1937. Interpretations: Zora Neale Hurston's Their Eyes Were Watching God. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1987. Kayano, Yoshiko. "Burden, Escape, and Nature's Role: A Study of Janie's Development in Their Eyes Were Watching God." Publications of the Mississippi Philological Association (1998): 36-44. (ILL – not yet received) Kubitschek, Missy Dehn. " ‘Tuh de Horizon and Back': The Female Quest in Their Eyes Were Watching God.† Modern Critical Pondrom, Cyrena N. "The Role of Myth in Hurston's Their Eyes Were Watching God." American Literature 58.2 (May 1986): 181-202. Williams, Shirley Anne. Forward. Their Eyes Were Watching God. By Zora Neale Hurston. New York: Bantam-Dell, 1937. xv.

Frank Lyman Baum :: essays research papers fc

Frank Lyman Baum   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Frank Lyman Baum was born on May 15th, 1856, and is best known for his superior book, The Wizard of Oz. His book was so popular, that they even made a movie in 1939 starring Judy Garland, based on the book. It became the first color film ever. Besides The Wizard of Oz, he wrote many other children’s stories.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As a young man, Baum lived in New York where he authored, produced, and acted in a play, The Maid of Arran, and he toured it from Canada to Kansas. Later on, he decided to give up his theatrical courier. He soon after moved to South Dakota, with his newly wed wife, and worked as a reporter for the Saturday Pioneer newspaper. After he got tired of that, he became a traveling salesman, and following that, he became editor, and worked with special effects.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Later on in life, Baums mother in law became very active in the women’s suffragist reform, and Baum was very interested in that, so he decided to help as well. He learned about theosophy from his mother in law, along with many other useful things. Baums mother in law was very active in the Women’s Right Movement, and many other social causes throughout her life. She worked with people like Elizebeth Cady Stanton, and Susan B. Anthony. Frank supported his mother in law in basically every way possible. During the time of women’s rights, to help out, he published a newspaper, which helped persuade people to fight for women’s rights; he helped the society change their views in many ways.

Our Time Machine :: essays research papers

Our Time Machine H.G. Wells once wrote a novel called The Time Machine, it was published in 1895. This exciting little adventure featured a device that had power over time. Who knew that in 2001 we too would have such a device? One invention that has made it evident that we have reached the twenty first century is named Tivo. With this, one has the ability to pause, fast forward, and essentially tamper with live television. This gadget is, in a sense an actual time machine. We’re living in an age where the word digital seems to come into play with every new invention. Digital technology includes all types of electronic applications that use information in the form of numeric code. This information is usually in something called a binary code—that is, code that can be represented by strings of only two numeric characters. These characters are usually 0 and 1. Devices that process and use digital information include personal computers, calculators, automobiles, traffic light controllers, compact disc players, cellular telephones, communications satellites, and now Tivo. Most of the information we sense is analog in nature—that is, it varies constantly, and an infinite number of values can be assigned to the information. For example, the brightness of a light bulb dimmed gradually from on to off could be considered analog information. This infinite number of brightnesses can be broken up into ranges. If the possible brightnesses are broken into two ranges, then the values 0 and 1 can hold digital information relating to the brightness of the bulb. However, each of the two digits still represents a countless number of analog values. The ranges of brightnesses can be divided again and again, until there are thousands of ranges of values, each of which can be represented by a numerical value. Once analog information has been broken up into digital information, it is impossible to perfectly reverse the process and re-create all of the possible analog signals from the corresponding digital signals. This is why most analog signals are represented by a great number of digital information levels. For example, the sound stored as digital information on a CD is broken down into 65,536 levels. A CD player translates the digital information into analog information so that a speaker can convert it into sound waves. Some devices process digital information using a tiny computer called a microprocessor. It performs calculations on digital information and then makes decisions based on the results.

Communication Between Agencies Essay

In order to be successful having great communication is the key to that success. Our country has endowed many tragedies with many of them due to the poor communication. Many lives had been lost because of poor communication or the first responder’s not being trained properly for a situation as this. Communication problems became the focal point of our nation’s emergency management improvement ever since September 11. Every day in cities and towns across the Nation, emergency response personnel respond to incidents of varying scope and magnitude. Their ability to communicate in real time is critical to establishing command and control at the scene of an emergency, to maintaining event situational awareness, and to operating overall within a broad range of incidents (National emergency communications, 2008). Communicating messages to the general public is a critical yet underdeveloped aspect of effective emergency management. Such messages fall under three basic categories: risk, communication, and warning and crisis communications. Risk communication involves alerting and educating the public to the risks they face and how they can best prepare for and mitigate these risks in order to reduce the impacts of future disaster events. Warning involves delivering notice of an actual impending threat with sufficient time to allow recipient individuals and communities to take shelter, evacuate, or take other mitigated action in advance of a disaster event. Crisis communication involves the provision of timely, useful, and accurate information to the public during the response and recovery phases of a disaster event (Bullock, 2009). The emergency management community as a whole has vast experience in practicing risk and warning communications. Preparedness programs have been an active part of emergency management in this country for decades, and public education programs conducted by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the American Red Cross, the Salvation Army, local fire departments, and other public and private sector agencies have disseminated millions of brochures and checklists describing the risks of future disaster events and the steps that individuals and communities can take to reduce and prepare for them (Bullock, 2009). In our text Bullock States, â€Å"The National Commission on terrorist attacks on the United States, also known as the 9/11 Commission, found that inadequate communications contributed greatly to hindering the ability of responding agencies to respond to the events that unfolded, and led directly to the high number of police and fire department employees who were killed when the towers collapsed† (Bullock, 2009). From this you can conclude that information was not passed along fast enough so as a result many people lost their lives because of this. There were also language barriers many of the different agencies did not use the same â€Å"lingo† and because of this confusion information was not passed between them correctly.

Questions on The Storm by Kate Chopin

The short story was first published in The Complete Works of. You can read about finding themes in Kate Chopin's stories and novels on the Themes page of this site. The Storm was written by Kate Chopin on July 19, 1898. The theme of Kate Chopin's short story, The Storm, is based on adultery. The Storm by Kate Chopin Study Guide Summary and Themes in Chopin's Short Story The Storm – What is the theme of â€Å"The Storm† by Kate Chopin? â€Å"The Storm† themes. Therese Lafirme in At Fault; at Calixta in â€Å"The Storm,† Louise Mallard in â€Å"The Story. How does Kate Chopin reveal character in â€Å"The Storm†. Scholars and critics have been writing about Kate Chopin's subjects and themes for. In the short story â€Å"The Storm† by Kate Chopin the setting supports the theme; just because you are married to someone it does not mean that you continue to love them. Set in the early 1900's with two main characters, Calixta, and Alcee. What types of conflict (physical, moral, intellectual, or emotional) do you see in this story. Chopin uses the theme of forbidden love to tell a story that is. Socratic Seminar Questions Through her stories, Kate Chopin wrote her own autobiography. In Kate Chopin's story â€Å"The Storm,† sex is a crucial part of the story. Books By Genre, Theme & The best The Theme of love in â€Å"the Storm† – Kate Chopin Degree Essay & Coursework help including documents Marked by Lecturers and Peers. An examination of the primary themes in the famous work of fiction, The Storm by Kate Chopin. You can read about finding themes in Kate Chopin's stories and novels on the Themes page of this site. Set in the early 1900's with two main characters, Calixta, and Alcee. In Kate Chopin's story â€Å"The Storm,† sex is a crucial part of the story. Chopin uses the theme of forbidden love to tell a story that is. The Storm by Kate Chopin Study Guide Summary and Themes in Chopin's Short Story The Storm – What is the theme of â€Å"The Storm† by Kate Chopin? â€Å"At the ‘Cadian Ball† (prequel to â€Å"The Storm†). Kate Chopin The theme of Kate Chopin's short story, The Storm, is based on adultery. Sex theme analysis by Ph. D. and Masters students from. Scholars and critics have been writing about Kate Chopin's subjects and themes for over fifty years. The Storm? , Chopin not only creates the perfect setting but also. The Storm – What is the theme of â€Å"The Storm,† by Kate Chopin. Kate Chopin, â€Å"At the ‘Cadian Ball,† implied throughout. Kate Chopin JenniP on John Updike? s A & P: Analysis & Theme; Anya on The Lymphatic System. Sex theme analysis by Ph. D. and Masters students from. The Storm Study Guide > The Storm Questions > What is the theme of â€Å"The Storm,† by Kate Chopin. The Storm† time and place The story is set in the late nineteenth century at Friedheimer's store in Louisiana, and at the nearby house of Calixta and Bobinot. â€Å"The Storm† themes Unlike most of Kate Chopin's short stories and both her novels, this story was not published until the 1960s, many years after it was written. Apparently Chopin did not submit it to magazines because she understood that no editor at the time would publish a work as sexually explicit as this one. Per Seyersted, a Chopin biographer, writes that â€Å"sex in this story is a force as strong, inevitable, and natural as the Louisiana storm which ignites it. The conclusion of the story, Seyersted adds, is ambiguous, because Chopin â€Å"covers only one day and one storm and does not exclude the possibility of later misery. The emphasis is on the momentary joy of the amoral cosmic force. † In this story, Seyersted says, Kate Chopin â€Å"was not interested in the immoral in itself, but in life as it comes, in what she saw as natural–or certainly inevitable–expressions of universal Eros, inside or outside of marriage. She focuses here on sexuality as such, and to her, it is neither frantic nor base, but as ‘healthy' and beautiful as life itself. Other readers, scholars, and critics have found a host of themes, ideas, and subjects to write about in this story. There are further details in some of the questions and answers below. You can check our lists of books, articles, and dissertations about Chopin at other places on this site. And you can read about finding themes in Kate Chopin's stories and novels on our Themes page. When Kate Chopin's â€Å"The Storm† was written and published The story was composed on July 19, 1898. It was first published in The Complete Works of Kate Chopin in 1969. You can find complete composition dates and publication dates for Chopin's works on pages 1003 to 1032 of The Complete Works of Kate Chopin, edited by Per Seyersted (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1969, 2006). Questions and answers about â€Å"The Storm† Q: The story's title says it is â€Å"A Sequel to ‘The ‘Cadian Ball. ‘ † Does â€Å"The Storm† stand by itself or does it need to be read with the earlier story? A: It stands by itself, but some scholars have argued that Chopin obviously intended for â€Å"The Storm† to be read with â€Å"At the ‘Cadian Ball† and that resonance is lost when they are separated (see one of the questions below). The earlier story describes how Calixta came to marry Bobinot and how Alcee came to marry his wife. Some anthologies print â€Å"The Storm† alone. Many print the two stories together. Q: Isn't the phrasing of â€Å"The Storm† sexually explicit for something written in the 1890s? A: Yes, the phrasing is way beyond what any respectable American magazine, even a comparatively advanced magazine like Vogue (in which Kate Chopin published nineteen stories), would have printed at the time. From everything we can tell, Chopin did not try to send â€Å"The Storm† out to editors. The story was not published until 1969, sixty-five years after Chopin's death. Q: So readers at the time were uptight about explicit sex in short stories? A: By the standards of most twenty-first-century American or European magazine readers, yes. But unlike today's countless magazines often selling to small, closely-focused segments of the population, American national magazines in the late nineteenth century usually appealed to broader, more heterogeneous audiences. Many, if not most, magazines of the time were viewed by children as well as adults, so editors needed to keep in mind the tastes and preferences of the people who bought their publications and, perhaps, shared them with their families. Q: What kind of relationship exists between Calixta and Alcee? What can you infer from their past? A: Much depends on whether you think of the two as characters who exist only in â€Å"The Storm† or if you see them as characters who exist also in â€Å"At The ‘Cadian Ball. Assuming you are looking at both stories: as we explain on the page for the earlier story, Alcee and his wife Clarisse are Creoles, descendants of French settlers in Louisiana. Calixta and her husband Bobinot are Acadians, descendants of French-American exiles from Acadia, Nova Scotia, who were driven from their homes by the British in 1755. Most of the Creoles in Kate Chopin's stories are comparatively wealthy, usually landowners or merchants. Most of the Acadians (or ‘Cajuns) in the stories are much poorer, living off the land, farming or fishing or working for the Creoles. So on the basis of the two stories together, you could describe Calixta as coming from a different social class than Alcee, and you could say that it's in good part because of that difference in class that Calixta and Alcee are married to other people. And you could add that, unlike anyone else in either story, Calixta comes in part also from a Spanish-speaking cultural background (her mother is Cuban) and so, as Kate Chopin presents her, she has different ways of behaving, more sensual ways of expressing her sexuality–which is partly why she is so attractive for both Alcee and Bobinot. As everyone in the earlier story understands, she's not like the other Acadian girls. In brief, Calixta is an Acadian influenced by Cuban culture who had been attracted to Alcee–and he to her–long before either of them was married (they had some passionate moments together one summer in Assumption Parish, moments that apparently scandalized some people). Calixta married Bobinot, the earlier story suggests, because Alcee was not available as a marriage partner–at least partly because his Creole family, and certainly Clarisse, think of him as coming from a comparatively higher social class. Lisa A Kirby discusses this subject at length in Kate Chopin in the Twenty-First Century. Q: I've read an article about â€Å"The Storm† that suggests Calixta has some African-American blood. Is that right? A: No. Her mother is Cuban. Everyone in the community thinks of her as Acadian with some Spanish blood. As the prequel to this story phrases it, â€Å"Any one who is white may go to a ‘Cadian ball, but he must pay for his lemonade, his coffee and chicken gumbo. And he must behave himself like a ‘Cadian. † Q: Would you describe what looks to me like an odd sort of connection between Chopin's short story â€Å"A Shameful Affair† and her stories â€Å"At The ‘Cadian Ball† and â€Å"The Storm†? A: Perhaps it's not so odd a connection. â€Å"A Shameful Affair† is an earlier Chopin story, is set in Missouri rather than in Louisiana, and does not involve Creole or Acadian society. But in some ways it's similar to Chopin's two more famous works in its focus on a man and woman attracted to each other but restrained by the sexual norms of the times. Mildred and Fred are wealthy, educated people who, because of late nineteenth-century norms, keep their sexual feelings towards others, especially others of their own class, under very tight control. It was, however, common for an upper-class man to have a â€Å"fling,† as Chopin calls it in â€Å"At the ‘Cadian Ball,† with a woman of a lower social class. An upper-class woman would not likely have a fling with a lower-class man. But Chopin in this story reverses those male/female roles. Until Mildred gets the letter from her friend (after she and Fred kiss) she does not realize that Fred is from her own class. But he's a handsome, sexually powerful guy, and it's nice–and, she thinks, safe–for her to flirt a little with him. Fred understands who Mildred is (it's not clear if he realizes that she does not know who he is), but he's on the farm precisely to get away from the norms of his class. He likes being a working-class guy at times, and he avoids contact with Mildred. But when she seeks him out him at the river, he passionately kisses her. Then, remembering himself, he flees, like Alcee Laballiere flees from Calixta in Assumption.

Reforms by the United Kingdom

The delivery of public services has always been directly connected with the stability of a country’s economy. The more stable the economy, the better the public services. In recent years, as the world slowly adjusted to the rise of global markets, many countries began transforming their public sector management (Hughes 2003).Today, management of public services is more flexible and market-based. It has moved from public administration to New Public Management (Hughes 2003). With this paradigm shift comes a shift in the role of government in society. It also redefines the relationship between government and its citizenry.Together with this new orientation of public service management is the need for reforms in the whole structure. These reforms are required to strengthen services in protection, education, recreation and care (Flynn 2002). The stronger economies of the world have taken steps towards these reforms. The United Kingdom is one of these stronger economies that have p rogressively taken the initiative for public service reforms.Major public service reforms began in the United Kingdom (UK) in the 1980’s under the Thatcher government (Hughes 2003). The following pages will try to explain the different reforms in UK’s public service management. It will address the bigger issues that surround it. It will identify the unique qualities of the UK reform programme and present the advantages they may achieve. Through these inferences, a more objective and balanced view of UK’s reform programme will be achieved.Response to the UK Public Sector ReformsThe United Kingdom’s initiative to reform their public service programme is mainly due to fitting of the services with the changing demands of the times. The rise of living standards, coupled with the growing diversity of citizenry calls for the change in public services (Prime Minister’s Office 2002).In the 1980’s, under the leadership of then PM Margaret Thatcher, th e first major steps to public reforms were taken. At the center of these reforms is the wide-spread initiative to privatize services (Flynn 2002). Towards the end of the decade, management of basic services, gas, water and electricity, were transferred under private control (Flynn 2002). Apart from these, four other major government controlled corporations also were given up to private enterprises.Privatization was not the only way to reform public service management. Soon after the turn-over of basic services to private control the central government and the National Health Services began outsourcing many of their functions and services.In 1997 however, under the leadership of PM Tony Blair, a new campaign was launched to further reform the public service management. Public services were believed to have been suffering from under-funding (Prime Minister’s Office 2002).However a strong economy is essential for the reforms. The Blair administration then began working on buildi ng a stronger, more stable economy.The ultimate objective of the 1997 reforms is to provide everyone with real opportunity and security (Prime Minister’s Office 2002). In three years time, the UK finally experienced a sort of rebirth within the public services. In 2000, health services and education have never been better. Reform plans did not end here. Long-term goals to uplift standards in the areas of transport, education, criminal justice system and health were designed.The road to these reforms has been tough. The setbacks and controversies are inevitable. There needs to be a genuine partnership between the government and people in the front line. The desire for reforms has propelled public service in the forefront of many political and social debates (Darwall 2005).One of the biggest concerns with the current reform programme lies in policy and communication confusion (Wintour, 2007). The government is clear with its vision for reforms. However, it does not provide a co herent framework for action (Darwall 2005). While the reforms are meant to increase efficiency, the citizens do not feel this happening.Modernized civil service is actually the consistent delivery of better services and getting the best value for public funds (Darwall 2005). The question lies on accountability for the use of these public funds. The UK’s public service history shows that bad decisions made create obligations and consequences across generations.Debates arise because of this very reason. While one group sees the necessity of spending to provide better public services, the other fears that much spending may not necessarily increase the level of efficiency in delivering these services (Douglas, Richardson, and Dobson 2003).The reforms brought about the founding of different agencies (Armstrong and Ford, 2000) to handle such use of public funds. However there is growing concern about the qualifications of people managing these agencies. Public servants are not nece ssarily managers. Improvement of efficiency requires a great deal of management (Darwall 2005). Even the best policies can easily crumble in the hands of those who are not fit to handle them.The growing impression about these newly established agencies then is that they do not do not speed up delivery of services. On the contrary, these agencies, while under the supervision of less experienced managers, slow down the process of public service.In fact the popular notion about these agencies is that they rather make collaboration and cooperation more difficult. The formation of these agencies is one of the most debated issues concerning the reforms.Ethical issues are also being raised against the reforms. The shift of public service towards a market based orientation makes the definition of boundaries between what is public and what is private more difficult (Public Administration Select Committee 2002).Interface between public sector and private enterprise is becoming more evident. P rivate businesses are becoming more involved in providing public services. More and more then, ethical concerns are raised.There is growing clamor to cultivate and strengthen the ethical considerations in public service management. It is important to ensure that ethics are not lost or put aside, especially at a time when services are being delivered in new ways by new providers (Public Administration Select Committee 2002).In public service there should always be a way to check impartiality, accountability, trust, equity and probity. This is the key to keeping the ethical considerations in public service management whilst implementing its reforms.From the time of PM Thatcher in the 1980’s to the reform programme of PM Blair in 1997, the UK public sector has underwent alterations both in policy and implementation. However caution has been taken. Reforms have been worked on reforms slowly. Unrestrained expansion usually results in policy failure (Lane 1993). Both the government and its citizenry agree.There is no doubt that reforms are a welcome idea for everyone. The promise of better services being delivered more efficiently and consistently can be actualized (Public Administration Select Committee 2002). The government is confident about their plan. The have laid down the strategies to achieve them. Even then, the citizenry is skeptical. There are many issues surrounding these reforms.The government admits there are hurdles along the way of reforms. The journey towards better services is long and hard. But the government has a strategy. It addresses the questions of improving national standards, devolution of responsibility, increasing flexibility and providing better choices (Prime Minister’s Office 2002).The citizens are waiting patiently. So far, reforms have been implemented but the issues still remain. Somehow the general impression is that the strategies set by government are not being translated into actual action (Public Administration S elect Committee 2002).Some improvement in the areas of education and health has been achieved. The question is, is it enough to address the growing demands of society?The citizenry of UK sees very little results from the reforms. They seem to pale in comparison with the growing demands of an ever evolving society. Successful reforms are transformational. This only means that the impact of these reforms should be strong enough to affect all areas of life.Unique Qualities of UK Public Sector Reforms  While the UK’s reforms remains heavily debated and scrutinized, there is no doubt that it is one of the most dynamic. In public service history, the UK programme has been one of the most studied. Many parallelisms have been made on the reforms. Many other similar programmes have been initiated based on its working history.The reforms are based on the three important E’s in public service management. They are economy, efficiency, and effectiveness. This is one unique charac teristic of the UK programme.The wide-spread privatization instituted by the Thatcher administration applied this premise (Flynn 2002) in all the transactions. Before the Cable and Wireless turn-over in 1981, a comprehensive study on its advantages was conducted to prove its viability under these three considerations.Apart from this unique way of assessing possible changes in servicing, the programme has proven to be very resilient. It has withstood challenge in the past. And it continues to withstand challenges today. Even the strongest challenge against its agenda control and policy review (Parsons 1995) could not deter the progression of its reforms.In fact it is this very same resiliency that brought about a big improvement in health care. The persistence in the area of health reforms provided increase in health care workers by at least 40,000 in seven years.There are two working concepts of the UK Public Sector Reform Programme, the â€Å"best value review† and â€Å"co mprehensive performance assessment† (Harris, 2003). These two working concepts provide a basis for check and balance of the reforms.This is unique to the programme. It also sets the tone on how reforms should be made. The UK government works very closely with organizations like Reform to objectively assess the veracity of the reforms. It is through studies conducted by organizations like Reform that insures that equity and environmental impact are not overlooked in the formulation of reforms.

Interview with Makeup Artist Sephora Essay

Being a makeup artist requires a lot of hard work, precision, and artistry. It is a job that is challenging, yet rewarding. Meet David. David is a 24 year old makeup artist who currently works as a beauty advisor at Sephora on 42nd and Madison. David was also interested on being on the Sephora Pro Beauty Team, but told me that is a task he is working on and will further take on in the coming time. He spends hours by the day helping clients do a color match, give advice on brands, or doing a Custom Makeup Application, or CMA for short. These applications are done when a customer spends at least $50 on any product in Sephora. The client will sit down with a beauty specialist and have a full face of makeup done. I got the chance to follow David as he worked with different clients, and I also got the chance to ask him a few questions, along with some opinions he threw at me. David is well.. of course, employed by Sephora. During the week, he usually works four days a week from about 12pm to 9pm. He told me that mid shifts are the best, because they are usually the busiest and time goes by quickly without even noticing. For his time and effort, Sephora compensates him with $11. 50 an hour without commission. I found that David is not usually at the location at 42nd and Madison, but is normally located in the Times Square location next to McDonalds on 42nd and 7th. David started working with the company in 2009, making it three years since starting with the company. He got the job, just like any of us would have gone to apply for any other job. He filed out an application along with a resume and hoped for the best. David is very interested in cosmetics, and he told me that he uses all Makeup Forever Products. He likes them because of the ease of application and the natural look that comes with it. The line makes your skin look flawless and makes pictures look amazing. When it comes down to applying makeup to clients, David likes to use Bobbi Brown products, along with a few products from the Makeup Forever collection. Also, I noticed that he uses the Smashbox Primer â€Å"Photo Finish. † It seemed like they were trying to push this product a little bit. They clean the brushes before each application, and they also remove any dirt, oils, or makeup from the face. Make overs do differ from consumer to consumer. A client who is fair skinned has a completely different complexion than someone who may be dark skinned. The products do vary between clients. There was a woman that David was working with who said she was, â€Å"new to makeup† and wanted to learn more about application. David started her off with a tinted moisturizer to see how that felt on her face, judging whether or not she would like more coverage. With most clients, they pushed a lot of the Makeup Forever products, being that it is Sephora’s private brand. They did somewhat of a soft sell, being that they told you the name of the product before they put it on. I did notice they would take a brand new product off of the shelf and place it in front of you. David did this with most of the products he applied to his clients. During my time with David, I did not feel pressured to buy anything. He explained to me where he was applying each product and what it did to the face. For the first time, I had contouring done, and I loved the final look of it. It definitely defined the face and I honestly had no idea it came in a powder. I always figured it came in a liquid. My time with David was up, but I did manage to buy a few products. I bought a Sephora Pro foundation brush, along with the HD Microperfecting Powder. They were items I needed, but thanks to David’s help, I bought them right after my consultation with him. I did also spend the money because I found out how much the powder does make a difference after applying the makeup. It gives the face a matte look and also locks in the makeup to your face. The powder also absorbs oils and stays on all day. We all know that Sephora is a top leader in the retail industry when it comes to makeup, skincare, and cosmetics. According to what I found out from David, and just simply people watching at Sephora for about 2 hours, I feel like a company can make a lot of money if they have in store make overs. Unlike CVS and Duane Reade, where you cannot try the makeup, Sephora gives the client an opportunity to see the product on, live, and how he or she wants to see it. It reduces the chance for returns of a product because of the testing beforehand. Companies can greatly impact a sale if they incorporate this technique into a store. Not only will it give people a place to try new products, it gives the client more of an opportunity to work with an advisor, like David. People need help when they try new things on their own sometimes. So when all comes down to store make overs, they are a total win and a great way to communicate with a client.

Answer 2 questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Answer 2 questions - Essay Example This was contrary to the England’s Protestants where he contended that, once the Irish children (who constituted the biggest population) attain the age of maturity usually resulted to being thieves. Since, they could not beg like their mothers in the streets. Swift groups the entire population in two broad groups, which is according to their nationalities besides their denominations and economic stability. The Irish, which are the Catholics normally in his work, represent the lower class of beggars who should sell their children while young to revive both the state and their economy. He also compares the children of the wealth English people with those of the Irish where the latter are many and mainly languishing in abject poverty. In addition, Swift compares the two denominations where the catholic’s population is exceedingly poor contrary to the Protestants. This is evident from the Swift’s mode of salvaging both the poor and the state’s economy, where he suggests selling of children while at a tender age. Since, at this stage they are fat and can fetch considerable money, hence encouraging intimacy among the Irish couples besides becoming economically stable (Swift). Unexcused absence in learning institutions over the years up to date has become an unsolved issue despite both parents and instructors’ efforts in reporting the truants to the relevant authorities. This is not an effective solution because the truants despite the immense coercion from both the relevant authorities and instructors continue to be absent. Hence, hardening them to the extent of becoming potential criminals where dealing with the law does not scare them. The most effective solution will entail assigning them diverse responsibilities in school where they will not be able to avoid the interaction with the instructors. These responsibilities encompass being student leaders and hold other posts where they will not have

Lobbing group Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Lobbing group - Essay Example Freedom House central mission is to ensure the government is accountable to their people, the right rule of law is upheld, there is freedom of speech and expression for all, association and ensure there is respect for freedom and rights of the minority. Freedom House mainly concentrates on laws regarding human rights the civil society and in regards to communication and information. It focuses on rules that facilitate free and unbiased flow of information and ideas through the media or the Internet. Freedom House targets mainly the legislators who pass and amend the laws regarding freedom of speech, free Internet and freedom of the media and the security agencies that are against freedom of communication and the Internet. Freedom House is a board of trustees who are comprised of mainly labor leaders, business leaders, former senior government officials, scholars, journalists and writers. The board members and the organization do not identify itself with either the Democratic or the Republican parties in the USA. The members who join have to have one voice and agree that promotion and making the government accountable for human rights and democracy is crucial to American citizens interests locally, internationally and towards achieving international peace. Policy agenda of Freedom House especially the freedom of expression and that of global Internet freedom has support from individuals and large corporations. Supporters especially the staff members and board members who dedicate their time and money towards Freedom House are mainly political enthusiasts who want a liberal society where the government is accountable. Achieving such interests for themselves and the community they live in will ensure a better life in general for the country and the world as a whole. Some members of the organization are businessmen who make donations to the Freedom House

Dell Computers Inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Dell Computers Inc - Essay Example onal costs of intermediaries between the company and consumer and thus reducing the overall cost of the PCs making it cheaper than other PCs in the market. The other advantage was that it reduces the costs and risks associated with carrying large stocks of parts, components and finished goods (Thompson and Gamble, 2006). The company later became a public limited company and raised $34.2 million in its first offering of common stock and achieved sales of $388 million in 1990. During 1986 to 1993, Dell refined strategy, build an adequate infrastructure and established market credibility against better known rivals like IBM and Hewlett Packard. Dells computer strategy clicked into full gear in the late 1990s and the sell direct strategy provided the company with most efficient procurement, manufacturing and distribution capabilities in the global PC industry and gave a substantial profit margin advantage over rival PC vendors. It is further stated that Dell’s operating cost ran a bout 10 percent of revenues in 2002 as compared to 21 percent of revenues at Hewlett Packard, 25 percent at Gateway, and 46 percent at Cisco Systems (Thompson and Gamble, 2008). Dell Inc was the undisputed leader in the United States for sales in personal computer dominating the market. In 1998, the market share of Dell was 13.2% as compared to Hewlett Packard’s 7.8%. However it should be noted that Compaq was ahead of Dell during 1998 with 16.7%. This was the only period when any other vendors were ahead of Dell as the company occupied top position in 2000 with 19.7% as compared to Compaq’s 15.9% and HP’s 11.5%. The table below shows that Dell Inc has been ranked first since 2003 showing its dominance in the market for personal computer since 2000 in comparison to other companies. But, according to table 2, Hewlett Packard dominates the world market with 18.8% in the year 2007 as compared to 14.9% of Dell Inc. Though Dell Inc was dominated the market in United States and all over the world throughout 2000s, Dell Inc’s market share fell down from 16.6% in 2006 to 14.9% in 2007 whereas Hewlett Packard’s market share increased from 16.5% in 2006 to 18.8% in 2007 thus becoming the market leader in the industry. Table 1: U.S. Market Share of the Leading PC Vendors, 1998-2007 2003 Rank Vendor 2007 2006 2005 2004 2002 2000 1998 Shipments (in 000s) Market Share Shipments (in 000s) Market Share Shipments (in 000s) Market Share Shipments (in 000s) Market Share Shipments (in 000s) Market Share Shipments (in 000s) Market Share Shipments (in 000s) Market Share 1 Dell 19645 28% 20472 31.2% 21466 33.6% 19296 33.7% 13324 27.9% 9645 19.7% 4799 13.2% 2 HP 16759 23.9 11600 21.5 12456 19.5 11600 20.3 8052 16.8 5630 11.5 2832 7.8 3 Compaq - - - - - - - - - - 7761 15.9 6052 16.7 Source: Thompson and Gamble (2008) Table 2: Worldwide Market Shares of the Leading PCs, 1998-2007 2003

Contract terms as conditions or warranties Term Paper

Contract terms as conditions or warranties - Term Paper Example Therefore, the court conclude that the defendants had a right to end the contract because the plaintiff breached a condition of the contract Poussard v. Spiers & Poland, 1876).However, in a similar case, Bettin v. Gye (1876); a singer was contracted to perform and sing for 3 whole months with six rehearsal days. The singer, however, fell ill and thus missed the six days of rehearsals, which resulted in the defendant replacing him with another singer. However, in this case the court held that the termination of the contract was uncalled for because the failure to attend the rehearsals only amounted to a breach of warranty and not a condition and thus the singer was entitled to the contract because the breach did not go to the contract’s very root (Bettin v. Gye, 1876). Thus, based on this case contracts can be categorised as conditions if the breach of the terms of the contract significantly or materially affects the performance of a contract and, therefore, becomes unenforceab le to the innocent party’s favour (Smith and Atiyah, 2006).  Ã‚     Another example of categorizing contracts terms as conditions or warranties was best articulated in the case of British Crane vs. Ipswich Plant Hire (1974) in which both companies were engaged in contracting out earth-moving equipment. In this case the plaintiffs provided the defendants with the equipment over the phone contract promptly without articulating the contract terms. However, the claimants later sent their conditions to the defendants but before signing them.