Discuss the arguments justifying torture as a legitimate Essay

Talk about the contentions advocating torment as a real counter-fear system and the ramifications of legitimizing state-supported projects of torment - Essay Example The aggregate expenses of fear mongering incorporate its destabilization of governments, common social orders, harmony and security just as its danger to financial advancement of the influenced zones and the whole worldwide society; these aggregate expenses additionally subvert the strength of human rights. Given that people are qualified for security as a central human right and governments are committed to guarantee the security of their populace, states far and wide have subsequently embraced huge measures to shield their nationals against the frailty danger presented by fear mongering (Piazza and Walsh 2010, p.407). In any case, advancements in the ongoing past including the inescapability of worldwide fear mongering and the quick changing nature and extent of psychological oppression have constrained governments to embrace rigid measures as counter-psychological oppression techniques, thus sabotaging human rights and the standard of law (Foot 2007, p.489). Most if not all states are progressively turning to the utilization of torment and other sick treatment as their counter-psychological oppression procedure while ignoring the lawful institutional shields intended to forestall torment. Essentially, different states have sabotaged the worldwide responsibility to shirking of torment and gave over dread suspects to the nations where they are profoundly vulnerable to torment just as other human rights manhandles. The battle against worldwide psychological oppression has been soiled with both expert and hostile to torment contentions everywhere throughout the world, with the rivals of the utilization of torment as a counter-fear based oppression system asserting that such a methodology is counterproductive since it sabotages the standard of law, great administration and human rights. In that reservists have frequently contended that the war on fear ought to be altered regard for human rights just as the standard of law separately, through the foundation of counter-psychological oppression procedures that both

Learner Difference and Learner Needs

Presentation The triarchic hypothesis of knowledge was assembled by Robert Sternberg, a remarkable master in the field of human acumen. Sternberg’s speculation was without anyone else a milestone since it was among the soonest not to be supportive of the psychometric way to deal with intelligence.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Learner Difference and Learner Needs explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More instead of the psychometric methodology, it took a psychological line. Sternberg’s arrangement of human knowledge is subject to the manner by which an individual fights with ecological changes over the span of their reality. The hypothesis is made out of three segments; componential, experiential, and down to earth. Different components of data handling Sternberg associated the activities of the human mind with a series of components. The components incorporate meta-segments, execution segments and data securing parts. Meta-segments allu de to dynamic practices applied in issue unwinding and the thinking of goals that involve most of taking care of one’s brain. They illuminate the mind the manner in which something ought to be finished. Execution parts are the strategies that basically play out the deeds that the meta-segments direct. They are in this way the basic methodology that let an individual perform things, for example, recognizing issues in one’s enduring memory, seeing affiliations including objects, and applying relationship to a further cluster of terms. The absolute last of components, data procurement components, are used in getting new data. The parts achieve endeavors that involve cautiously picking data from insignificant data. These components can too be utilized to join the different snippets of data they have gathered. Capable individuals are fit for utilizing these components since they are at a situation to get talented at new data at an unrivaled rate. Indeed, even as Sternberg e xplains that the basic data agreement components behind the three segments of his hypothesis are the indistinguishable, it is acceptable to take note of that different conditions and different endeavors call for various types of intellectual prowess. Sub theoryAdvertising Looking for paper on brain research? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The componential sub hypothesis is connected with legitimate capacity. It lies among the three types of skill that Sternberg distinguishes. Sensible capacity is noteworthy in being at a situation to separate issues and having the ability to make out explanations not much of the time seen. Sad to report, individuals with just this structure are not as capable at concocting excellent thoughts of their own. This sort of capacity is what is evaluated in huge numbers of the occasions. Experiential Sub hypothesis This is the second period of Sternberg’s hypothesis and manages the way whe re an endeavor is completed with respect to how well it is known. The capacity of commonality is part into two segments: creativity and robotization. An epic state alludes to a circumstance where an individual has never been. People who are adept at taking care of a novel circumstance can embrace the assignment and concoct creative methodologies of managing it so that the vast majority can't comprehend. A technique that has experienced robotization is one that has been done a few times and would now be able to be done with slight or no extra consideration. When a system has been computerized, it tends to be done in corresponding with comparable or different endeavors. The misfortune with oddity and mechanization is that an individual might be able in one component and poor in the other. Pragmatic Sub hypothesis The third sub hypothesis by Sternberg is about the scholarly action involved in accomplishing a fit to situation. Over the span of the three methodology of adjustment, formin g, and determination, individuals produce the best fit connecting themselves and their environmental factors. Adjustment happens when an individual makes a change inside him/herself so as to fit better in nature they live. For example, at whatever point it gets cold, people adjust by getting into comfortable garments. Molding happens at whatever point an individual changes their environmental factors to meet their requirements better. For example, an instructor brings into play the standard of lifting one’s hand to have a word to ensure that the talk is led with least conceivable disruption.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Learner Difference and Learner Needs explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The course of choice is completed when the current encompassing countenances the danger of being supplanted by new exchange environmental factors, which undermine an individual’s capacity to accomplish his/her goals. This clarifies why sett lers leave their countries where they endure budgetary and cultural afflictions and go to different countries looking for an improved life. The proficiency with which an individual fits to their environmental factors and manages day by day events shows their degree of insight. Sternberg’s third type of insight involves the ability to put to utilize artificial and sensible capacities in day by day conditions. It is likewise essential to take note of that Sternberg sees knowledge is multifaceted and in this manner an individual can have more than one of the recently referenced three insights. Numerous individuals may have a mix of each of the three, and subsequently an individual may hold unrivaled statures of every one of the three insights. Suggestions for instructive practice This hypothesis holds three principle suggestions for instructive brain science. Right off the bat, training for all types of intellectual prowess is imperative since understudies need to take advantage of their splendid abilities simultaneously they work develop the limits where they display restrictions. Second, learners’ most splendid abilities are clearly connected to their most pleasant learning strategies. At long last, since these variable capacities are genuine, there should be various assessments of school accomplishment, not simply the ones that accentuate on regular consistent capacities. This paper on Learner Difference and Learner Needs was composed and put together by client Benson Miles to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

Basic Facts About Anabolic Steroids

Basic Facts About Anabolic Steroids More in Addiction Drug Use Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Anabolic steroids are synthetic derivatives of the male hormone testosterone, which promote the growth of skeletal muscle and increase lean body mass. Street Names for Anabolic Steroids Arnolds, Gym Candy, Pumpers, Roids, Stackers, Weight Trainers, Gear, Juice What Are Steroids? Anabolic steroids are synthetically produced versions of the naturally occurring male hormone testosterone. While they may be legally prescribed, illicit use far exceeds legitimate use. What Do They Look Like? Steroids come in tablets or liquid form. How Are They Taken? Anabolic steroids are taken orally or injected. Many users use them in what is called cycling. Users take them in cycles of weeks and months instead of continuous use. They frequently use several different types of steroids in order to maximize the good benefits of a specific steroid and lessening the more negative effects. This form of abuse is known as stacking. Who Uses Steroids? Bodybuilders and athletes often use steroids to boost their competitive advantage and improve their physical appearance, but anyone can potentially use them. What Are the Effects of Steroids? Reports indicate that use of anabolic steroids increases lean muscle mass, strength, and endurance. Those who use steroids often talk about feeling good about themselves and invincible while using steroids. The positive feelings can soon turn to anger, rage, paranoia, and violence. What Are the Hazards of Using Steroids? Steroids often make users feel edgy, moody, aggressive and paranoid. Other short-term hazards include: HeadachesNosebleedsAcneStomach painIncreased heart rateIncreased blood pressureFluid retentionMuscle tightnessMuscle crampsTendon problems Many problems can arise from long-term use. These include: Heart diseaseLiver cancerHypertensionEating disorderElevated cholesterolStunted growthEpisodes of rageDelusionsViolent behaviorHIV Adolescents Adolescents may experience stunted growth due to premature skeletal maturation and accelerated puberty changes which is irreversible. Women Women often experience a masculinization effect when using steroids. They may have an increase in facial hair, enlarged clitoris, deepened voice and changes in or cessation of the menstrual cycle. Men Men may experience a feminization effect when using steroids. They can experience infertility, shrinking testicles, reduced sperm count, impotence, baldness and development of breasts. Are Steroids Addictive? Steroid users often experience withdrawal characteristics related to addiction when they stop using steroids, including severe cravings, depression, and sleeping disorders.

The Government s Strategic Options For Agriculture

Egypt is classified as a low-income, food-deficit country (LIFDC). In 1999 the country imported 7.9 million tons of grains or 50 percent of its needs. The Government’s strategic options for agriculture (up to 2017) include the following thematic elements: a) Achieve higher growth rate of 4.1 percent in the agricultural sector through vertical and horizontal expansion. b) Promote more efficient use of land and water, enhance agricultural research and extension, expand credit, and improve marketing cooperatives. c) Increase the value of exports by over two-fold (with respect to the current level), based on quality assurance and product safety, which are key to competitiveness under the World Trade Organization (WTO) policies and partnership agreements with the European Union (EU) and the United States. d) Develop livestock, poultry and fish resources to increase daily per capita animal protein consumption from 18 grams to 24 grams (Country Programmes 2001). There have been exten sive introduction of new technologies and significant improvements in agricultural extension, marketing and credit. These efforts, together with area expansion through land reclamation, had contributed to an increase in agricultural production from 2.6 percent in the 1980s to 3.4 percent in the 1990s. The area available for cultivation increased from 2.6 million ha in 1982 to 3.3 million ha in 1995. In a given year, this area is used more than once; the average total cropped in a year amounts to 180Show MoreRelatedBrazil As A Green Economy Model894 Words   |  4 Pagespositioned Brazil as a green economy model which commits to reduce 36.1 per cent of its green house gas GHG emissions by 2020. The largest contribution of GHG emissions comes from deforestation and land-use-changes (LUC) representing 58 percent . Brazil s strong conservation policies introduced in 2000s have controlled deforestation and it is expected to reduce it in 24.7 per cent of total emissions by 2020 . The ene rgy sector, on the other hand, despite being one of the cleanest energy of the world,Read MoreAgricultural Foreign Investments Abroad During The Gulf Arab Countries Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesCountries’ concern about food security one needs to take a detailed look at its food import dependence and how it has developed historically. This food gap and the import dependence that came with it were regarded as a strategic liability. The Gulf countries are` highly politicized and strategic nature of global food markets. This nourished an outspoken wish for self sufficiency and reduced reliance on imports (David, 1999). Alan Richard wrote â€Å"the Initial plans to develop Sudan as a bread basket for theRead MoreA Critical Analysis Of Sustainable Development Strategies1634 Words   |  7 PagesNorth Africa. 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Poverty directly affects to the people health because people are having an insufficient amount of money and with they cannot fulfill their basic family needs. According to Nah, S., Chau, C. (2010) there are 1.02 billion people are undernourish in all over the world. Hunger is one of the primary cause of children deaths and every year 6 million children died cause of starvation (p. 544). Food is the basic need of every singleRead MoreThe Differences Between The French And The English1578 Words   |  7 Pagesof World War One separated the English and French as men were forced t o fight. This brought in resentment towards the Anglophones as the French had to battle a war that was not theirs. The Quebec Referendum of 1980 gave the populace of Quebec the option to leave Canada. This identified the large amount of sovereignists in the province. The Official Languages Act (OLA) was implemented to induce change in Canada, but instead it created a larger divide. Many Francophones felt a need to preserve theirRead MoreLong Island s Unique Ecological And Socio Economic Environments1246 Words   |  5 Pagestraditions, government policies, and economic practices.†(â€Å"LI Food System Report Card† 2014) Researching the deep history of this bioregion confirmed my suspicions that human impact poses the greatest strain on this food system. The primary challenge that faces anyone wishing to create a more sustainable food system on Long Island is that of production capacity as it relates to consumption. Long Island was once expected to feed New York City(â€Å"Chartering the New York State School of Agriculture on LongRead MoreA Pestle Analysis of Mining Industry2604 Words   |  11 PagesWu (Meredith) | 09/04/2010 | | A PESTLE analysis of the Mongolian mining industry 2 1. Executive summary 2 2. Introduction 3 3. PESTLE Analysis 3 4. Analysis of the future environment 8 5. Entry mode options 8 6. Potential risks 9 7. Recommendations and strategic option 10 8. Conclusion 11 9. Bibliography 11 A PESTLE analysis of the Mongolian mining industry 1. Executive summary This report has analysed the investment environment of mining industry in Mongolia. The PESTLERead MoreWhole Foods Pestle1012 Words   |  5 PagesPESTLE Analysis Political Factors â€Å"A Healthier You† Government Strategy Reporting of organic prices. Safety Inspections Services. Evaluation: POSITIVE impact Economic Factors GDP: ↑ 3.9% in the 3rd qtr Real Personal Consumption expenditures ↑3.0% in 3rd qtr Disposable Personal Income ↑ 6.1 % in the 3rd qtr US Business Cycle: At â€Å"slump†/ Wages/Labour European Markets: Weak dollar against Euro, Surging Energy Prices, Increasing Interest Rates Evaluation: MODERATE impact PESTLE

Baldwin Bicycle Company Background of the Study - 784 Words

BA-561 MAC Abdulgaffur G. Deki Oscar M. Inocencio Chester V. Lagutin Felomena C. Baal Edsel Cariz J. Tiu 12 October 2012 â€Å"Baldwin Bicycle Company† Background of the Study: Baldwin Bicycle Company (BBC) is a full-line bicycle manufacturing company with 40 years of experience. In 1982, BBC has revenue of over $10M for 98,791 units produced. BBC exclusively distributes through independently-owned retailers, their bicycles are known for their above-average quality. In May 1983, a rapid-growing Northwestern discount retail chain, Hi-Valu, Suzanne Leister, VP Marketing, proposed a private-label agreement. Under this program, BBC would manufacture the Challenger line of bicycles exclusively for Hi-Valu. The Challenger line was†¦show more content†¦Its BBC’s first time to deal such client. 7. Hi-Valu wanted to purchase bikes from BBC at lower prices that the wholesale prices of comparable bikes sold through Baldwin usual channels. 8. If the proposal will pursue BBC requirement for purchasing, inventory and production cost will increased. 9. Hi-Valu would hold the units on consignment in its own warehouses and withhold payment until delivery to a specific store. 10. A bicycle would be paid within 30 days once a bicycle was shipped to a specific store or 120 days had elapsed in the regional warehouse. Alternative courses of action: 1. Reject proposal RISKS: a.) BBC may face continually declining sales due to a poor economy. b.) BBC will continue to produce at only 75% production capacity. c.) Another disadvantage is that the offer price of Hi-Valu was lower than the regular selling price. d.) There is an additional cost involved in producing additional units from Hi-Valu the $5,000 additional cost plus the asset related cost. e.) The possibility that the current dealers of BBC might drop-out line if they find that BBC is making bikes for Hi-Valu. f.) The freight charge will be shouldered by BBC until it reached the destination of Hi-Valu warehouse. g.) additional from regular sales of 3,000 units from regular costumers. ADVANTAGES: a.) Maintain loyalty from current distributorsShow MoreRelatedaccg330 Essay7774 Words   |  32 PagesASSIGNMENTS (Assignments are due in the respective seminars in the week designated) Due Date TOPIC Week 2 No assignment is due this week. Please read the Baldwin Bicycles Case prior to class. Week 3 Strategic process and strategic analysis ........................................... page 2 Case: Baldwin Bicycles Week 4 Strategy and management control. Case: Lincoln Electric Week 5 Strategic change and strategic flexibility Class Test 1 (during normal seminar) Read MoreToward a General Modular Systems Theory and Its Application to Interfirm Product Modularity14914 Words   |  60 Pagesvendors. Publishers also have embraced modularity by utilizing recent information technology advances to enable instructors to assemble their own textbooks from book chapters, articles, I gratefully acknowledge the advice and assistance of Carliss Baldwin, Richard Langlois, N. Venkatraman, Shawn Berman, Peter Arnold, Henry Chesebrough, Andy Hoffman, Jonathan Hibbard, Dorothy Paun, P. R. Balasubramanian, and John Henderson, and I acknowledge especially the comments of several anonymous reviewers forRead MoreNew York City: History and Landmarks4966 Words   |  20 Pagesexplore the region at the beginning of the 16th century--among the first was Giovanni da Verrazzano, an Italian who sailed up and down the Atlantic coast in search of a route to Asia--but none settled there until 1624. That year, the Dutch West India Company sent some 30 families to live and work in a tiny settlement on â€Å"Nutten Island† (today’s Governors Island) that they called New Amsterdam. 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The other main aim of this thesis is to examine related accounting policy-making issues in the football industry. This includes an empirical study designed to identify the factors that influence accounting policy choice. In addition, the thesis contains further empirical work aimed at providing a model for valuing internally generated human resource assets in a manner acceptable for financialRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Beh aviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages4 What Managers Do 5 Management Functions 6 †¢ Management Roles 6 †¢ Management Skills 8 †¢ Effective versus Successful Managerial Activities 8 †¢ A Review of the Manager’s Job 9 Enter Organizational Behavior 10 Complementing Intuition with Systematic Study 11 Disciplines That Contribute to the OB Field 13 Psychology 14 †¢ Social Psychology 14 †¢ Sociology 14 †¢ Anthropology 14 There Are Few Absolutes in OB 14 Challenges and Opportunities for OB 15 Responding to Economic Pressures 15 †¢ Responding to Globalization

Creation of New Markets by Diversity Free Essays

From the beginning of this world we have seen or to put it more correctly heard of God creation of this world. This demonstrates the immense power of imagination possessed by God. His imagination is unequal to anything we can think of and he has managed and maintained everything up to this day. We will write a custom essay sample on Creation of New Markets by Diversity or any similar topic only for you Order Now We are all given a small amount of this God given creative power. Some of us just happened to never see pass our limitations and allow our imagination power to grow freely. Persons that have good imagination or creative ideas are needed in today†s business world of fast changing demands and supply. Business calls for managers and employees with quick minds that know how to solves problems quickly and their imagination are not limited. Being creative provides numerous benefits for companies and that the management level it should be replicated down to the levels of employees level. What precisely is creativity, one might ask? Basically it is that processes of generating new ideas. It does not matter what that idea might be once it is a bit different from what was their already it†s a creative idea. Sometimes creativity is confused with innovation, which is about planning and implementing ideas. By being creative with in companies and businesses the amount of benefits increases. Not being creative set back companies to the classic school of management, which does not produce much growth for cutting edge businesses that wish to excel. Creation of new markets by diversity is a benefit that creativity brings about. As it can be seen in 3M case on page 35 of the Management organization textbook. This small mining company 3M (Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company) was nearly bankrupt but due to the quick reaction by management things were quickly turned around from heading down hill. Seeing that thing were failing in the mining venture they made a key decision to turn from that and focus on the mine†s output- abrasive grit. This carried them off into focusing on sandpaper and grinding wheels. These areas were also somewhat difficult. Over time the company continued to experiment with a Varity of products ideas. Many of there ideas came from its employees and customers. In this we can see that they implemented more recent schools of management theories such as behavioral, system, and contingency. Management listened to its employees and customers. Which does not happen in the classical school. New ideas helped this saved this company but most importantly of all was that willingness to accept and implement these ideas by management. With creativity skills business are able to use or see new ways of satisfying their customers needs. Managers should know that the survival and profitability of their organization are directly linked to meeting or exceeding customers needs and expectations. They satisfy customers by guaranteeing that all individual efforts and their results posses guilty. This can be demonstrated in the automotive industry. From the early ages of this automotive industry it can be seen that different ideas in creative design have lead to some of the most successful automotive companies. Toyota by using new fuel-efficient technology produces cares that run longer distances with the same amount of fuel. This attracts customers because they can use the some amount of fuel and increase mileage of their travel. Hereby we see that the ultimate goal is achieved increased revenue by the creative power of new idea and innovation in technology. Increased revenue is usually the goal of many business companies and by implementing new ideas and new and more efficient way of carrying on business organizations can move forward. In the 21st century without managers and employees who do not think that they are creative need to really â€Å"check if they still want to have jobs†. As given in the hand out there are basically 3 saying which limit persons thinking they are 1. I†m not creative. 2. I don†t know how to be creative. 3. It†s not ok to e creative around there. We need to overcome these limits and release our minds from these mental blocks. The creative powers are instilled in each of us as children but because of lack of use or prohibition of use. Some of use grow up thinking so logical (lift side brain thinking) that we need to practice to be creative. The (right side brain thinking) the creative side need to be use along side the left side to create the most fantastic results. It is the managers position to instill and encourage creativity at all levels of management. First line or operating management level will have to be more creative than that top and middle management. This is because they are the supervisor team leaders. Who over see the work of non-management people. Organizations or businesses can do a wide Varity of thing to increase creativity. The simple structured techniques like brain storming and mind mapping are good places to start. Some other methods used to access creative potentials are storytelling, dance, mask work, visualization, poetry, painting, sculpting and metaphor. It is also important to note that some methods will work will with certain organizations and others will not. Creativity as seen is an essential core requirement to the survival in the business world. More and more person and organizations are realizing this and taping into this natural skill and reaping the benefits. Therefore as student†s teachers, workers and managers we should all encourage and promote these creative powers. How to cite Creation of New Markets by Diversity, Essay examples

Market Research Global Environmental Change

Question: Discuss about the Market Researchfor Global Environmental Change. Answer: Introduction Drivers for Rubber Trees Demand Rubber trees are in demand since from the past decades. However, the global demands of the trees are creating a threat to the protected forests of the different parts of the world. The drivers for the demand of the rubber trees include the end users and their effect on the demand of the rubber trees. End users: The end users of the rubber trees are the ordinary people of the world. Apart from that, the tire industries are proven to be the massive users of rubber trees worldwide. Global consumption of rubber trees is found to be increasing day by day. The rising demand for rubber trees leads to the growth of the tire industry across the world. The automobile industry is growing day by day that result in an increase in tire industry across the world (Vongkhamheng et al., 2016). The effect in markets: With the growth of tire industries, the tropical rain forests of the countries of Africa, South America, and other countries are cleared that creates a harmful impact on the environment. It is predicted that in the year of 2024, 8.5 million hectares of new plantations of rubber trees will be required to meet the estimated demand of the rubber worldwide. However, it will lead to a catastrophic impact on environment and wildlife. Worldwide Demand for Rubber Trees The demand of global rubber trees will be increasing in China. It is because of the rise of the automobile industry in the country. The automobile market of China is the worlds biggest automobile market in the world. It is responsible for showing growth of 8 to 10% in 2014. Hence, the automobile industry is the most consumed industry of rubber (Demand for rubber 'threatens forests' - BBC News, 2016). Global demand for rubber products for the industrial purpose rose by 4.3 percent in 2014. It amounted to $97.8 billion. However, mechanical rubber goods are constituted to be the most consumed product in the rubber industry. Areas of United States, Canada, Japan, Western Europe, etc. are found to be users of mechanical rubber (World Rubber Demand Slowdown to Weigh on Prices Through 2020 - Bloomberg, 2016). Canada and Australia are found to be the most intensive industrial rubber users of the world. Apart from those countries of South East Asia such as India, Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia have witnessed much growth in sales of rubber. The demand is increased due to the increase of global consumption in many parts of the world. The rubber industry depends on automobile and tire industry. The countries of South and Central America along with Eastern Europe and Mid-east Africa are witnessing to grow severely in the rubber market. Current Prices The demand for natural rubber in the year of 2016 is less in China. The consumption of rubber by the end users of the product weakens in China. The cost is decreased in the industry for the buyers of rubbers. The tire industry traded rubber as the rate of $1.427 per kilogram in Singapore. In the year 2011, $5.75 price was charged for a kilogram of rubber. It has been decreased to the above price (Il'in et al., 2015). Future prediction in the case of the price of rubber will be in between $1.50 -$1.60 in the year of 2020. The price of the rubber will range in the average of $2.54 in 10 years. Globally, countries are facing a shortage of rubbers. It has faced a deficit of 449,000 tons in the year of 2016. This is the reason of decrease in price by 5.5% in the year of 2015. The inflation of rubber market in China is the cause of decrease of price of rubber globally. The tire market giants like Goodyear Tire Rubber Company faces cutting in costs by the export and import of rubber from many countries such as Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia (Zhai et al., 2014). Demand Forecast for Next 50 Years The demand for rubber is assumed to increase regarding industrial and mechanical rubber products in many countries of the world. Consumption of rubber by the end users is finding to increase by 51,000 tons of surplus in the year of 2016. The global consumption is forecasted to be increased by 12.75 tons in the coming years. However, in the year of 2015, it is seen that the rubber consumption is 12.32 tons (World Rubber Demand Slowdown to Weigh on Prices Through 2020 - Bloomberg, 2016). The demand for rubber highly depends on the Chinese market. China is assumed to use 5 million tons of rubber in the year 2016. In the year 2014, China consumed 4.78 million tons of rubber. Global motor companies and automobile industries highly depend on rubber industry. It is the reason for the growth of demand of rubber in the world (Drabble, 2015). The Asia Pacific Market is considered as the largest market for rubber. It accounts up to 60% of the rubber demand globally. Among the Asian market of rubber, China holds the first position. It also accounts for the one third of global demands of rubber in the year of 2012. It is forecasted that China will occupy the first position up to the year of 2020 (Ahrends et al., 2015). Demand Breakdown by Region The fastest gain of rubber production is exhibited by the Asia Pacific region. China represents the national market of rubber regarding motor vehicles tires. It is the largest tire market on a global basis. Markets of South America and Central Europe are forecasted to grow in the year of 2020. Non-tire products are found to arise in the Asia Pacific region (Demand for rubber 'threatens forests' - BBC News, 2016). Approximately 80% of the total global non-tire products came from China. The outlook of world rubber industry for the next ten years is forecasted to increase by 4.4% in the year of 2015. The demand of synthetic rubber by 2023 will increase up to 22 million. South Africa will be witnessing a phenomenal growth of 9% by 2020. Ghana will export a large volume of rubber by 2020. It will amount to $250 million. The growth of rubber in the Mid-African and South African countries will soon match the level of the Asia Pacific markets if rubber (Rubber products industry outlook strong despite low NR prices, 2016). References Ahrends, A., Hollingsworth, P. M., Ziegler, A. D., Fox, J. M., Chen, H., Su, Y., Xu, J. (2015). Current trends of rubber plantation expansion may threaten biodiversity and livelihoods.Global Environmental Change,34, 48-58. Demand for rubber 'threatens forests' - BBC News. (2016).BBC News. Retrieved 12 September 2016, from https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-32350985 Drabble, J. H. (2015). Rubber in Malaya 1876-1922: the genesis of the industry. Il'in, V. M., Rezova, A. K. (2015). Styrene butadiene rubber: production worldwide.International Polymer Science and Technology,42(10), T35. Rubber products industry outlook strong despite low NR prices. (2016).Dailymirror.lk. Retrieved 12 September 2016, from https://www.dailymirror.lk/51610/rubber-products-industry-outlook-strong-despite-low-nr-prices Vongkhamheng, C., Zhou, J., Beckline, M., Phimmachanh, S. (2016). Socioeconomic and Ecological Impact Analysis of Rubber Cultivation in Southeast Asia.Open Access Library Journal,3(01), 1. World Rubber Demand Slowdown to Weigh on Prices Through 2020 - Bloomberg. (2016).Bloomberg.com. Retrieved 12 September 2016, from https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-03-23/world-rubber-demand-slowdown-seen-weighing-on-price-through-2020. Zhai, D. L., Xu, J. C., Dai, Z. C., Cannon, C. H., Grumbine, R. E. (2014). Increasing tree cover while losing diverse natural forests in tropical Hainan, China.Regional Environmental Change,14(2), 611-621.

John Updikes Outage free essay sample

Upon reaching the downtown area, Brad is struck by the interactions between the startled patrons who have suddenly disconnected from their day-to-day activities to talk to one another. At the local bank, â€Å"The tellers chatting on the padded bench where the applicants for mortgages and perpetrators of overdrafts customarily languished† (653) is a pleasant change from the typical fast-paced happenings in the post office where â€Å"everything had been computerized by a United States Postal Service zealous to modernize, and [where] not a single letter could be weighed or a single stamp sold† (653). As he leaves downtown, Brad is struck by the â€Å"overflow of good nature†¦ baring neglected possibilities† (653) that had been brought about by the power outage. Like the rest of the community, Brad is reveling in the newfound freedom that has been brought about by this hiatus of technology. A motif in Updike’s narrative, the oppressive presence of technology is emphasized using personification. We will write a custom essay sample on John Updikes Outage or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page While Brad’s burglar alarm is initially â€Å"peeping and blinking softly, as if to itself† (652), Lynne’s beeps in a less passive, â€Å"distinct and insistent† (654) manner. When Brad and Lynne become intimate, â€Å"the great plasma screen [stares] blankly and the morning Globe lay still in its plastic wrapper†(655), reminding the reader of the momentarily paused outside world and once again of the omnipresence of electronics. Brad, with his perceptive worldview and appreciation for technology, is keenly aware of this presence; he never completely forgets about the â€Å"real world†, asking â€Å"Did you mean it, that your phone doesn’t work, either? † (656) assuring himself that he and Lynne are truly isolated before they engage sexually. Brad personifies electronics with a sort of reverence, saying that the burglar alarm doesn’t â€Å"like† losing current as though it has human wants. When the power lines are fixed and electricity turns on the appliances in Lynne’s house, Brad tells Lynne that the silenced alarm is telling her â€Å"All is well, all is normal†¦Get that man out of my house†¦ I’m in charge now, this is how it is. This is reality†(657), calling her back to the automated world which they had taken a passionate reprieve from . Updike emphasizes this emotional disconnect through the juxtaposition of the two main characters of his narrative. A levelheaded, insightful individual, Brad Morris is conscious of the influence that technology has had over society. Upon the initial power surge, Brad finds a sort of dry humor in the dependence that he has built on technology, feeling â€Å"impotent, and amused at his impotence in this emergency† (652). During the progression of the outage, Brad is surprised by its effect on people, first becoming â€Å"†¦startled by two young women embracing [and the] people [who] had been flushed onto the sidewalk by the outage† (652). Conversely, Lynne, the woman with whom Brad conducts an affair in the confusion of the storm, is disconnected from the people around her. Upon her initial introduction, Updike describes her as â€Å"A woman in white- a shiny vinyl rain coat and silly-looking white running shoes† (653), and continues to portray her as a spectral figure throughout the story. Brad recalls that when he initially happened upon Lynne, he â€Å"had thought for an instant she was a ghost, and there was a ghostly detached quality in the way she moved, her lips crimped in that twist of self criticism† (656). She is even distant in her bedside manner, â€Å"[kissing] dryly†¦ as if testing her lipstick† (655) and speaking â€Å"in the light voice of a woman talking to a girlfriend† (656). Older and more confident, Brad encounters the maturity gap between them when he explains to her that â€Å"At a certain level, men-and women in business too, of course- have to look each other in the eye†¦ with all this electronic communication everywhere, there’s really no need to get out all that much† (655). This disparity in maturity is alluded to frequently in the short story; while Brad represents an older generation that respects technology and is wary of society’s growing technological dependence, Lynne is an example of the younger generation that has replaced the eye to eye contact that Brad referred to with technological communication, resulting in poor interpersonal relationships. Outage† leaves the reader pensive and wary regarding their personal lifestyle; do we let technology and the media squelch our more intimate aspirations, or do we break free of the fast-paced lifestyle that we have become accustomed to? Technology often takes an individual and causes him to withdraw into himself rather than engage with the community and contribute to society as a whole.

Accupuncture essays

Accupuncture essays Imagine having crippling back pain as you arise out of bed every morning, or sharp pains in your shoulders and knees that no longer allow you to perform up to your actual ability. Whether it is in athletics, at work, or even just through out your daily life these problems can hinder you from being able to perform at your best. Imagine a therapy that can cure these physical disabilities, relieve stress, and put an end to depression. Acupuncture is an alternative means of therapy that can do just that. People use acupuncture for many different bodily illnesses, mental illnesses, and addiction problems. One expert states that it can be performed in numerous ways including using heat, pressure, friction, suction, and sending impulses of electromagnetic energy to specific anatomic points in the body, but most commonly performed using needles. (Cook, 1999) Today there are many options when choosing an approach for improved health and health care. Not only are we making intense progress in modern medicines, but also the use of alternative medicines is widely increasing. One form of alternative medicine that is widely used today is acupuncture. Acupuncture has been a complete system of treatment for at least two thousand years. First documented in ancient China, acupuncture over the past two thousand years, has continued to evolve and develop. Along with the growing use of this alternative form of treatment, more people in the western culture must be informed of the many benefits that can be received with this type of therapy. More people must know their current options in todays medicine. Acupuncture is an ancient form of healing that has proven safe and effective in treating a variety of conditions. Many people are unaware of what acupuncture really is. According to J.M. Helms (2001), Acupuncture is a method of encouraging the body to promote natural healing and improve functioning. This is done by inserting needles an...

Changing organizations is as messy as it is exhilarating, as Assignment

Changing organizations is as messy as it is exhilarating, as frustrating as it is satisfying, as muddling-through and creative a process as it is a rational one. (Palmer et al, 2009) - Assignment Example 369-370). The requirement for change can be because of the external factors such as due to change in demand, shifting taste and preferences of the customers, obsolete products or technology, etc. The internal factors include the growth of the company, retired leaders of the organization, or a re-engineering of operational functions of the company. Regardless of the causes and sources of change, all the organizations frequently face the need of transforming certain system, people, or process within. This is a difficult process and many unsuccessful results are seen every day, yet it is considered to be the most significant function in an organization (Flamholtz, and Randle, 2008, p. 5). This study is based on the following definition â€Å"Changing organizations is as messy as it is exhilarating, as frustrating as it is satisfying, as muddling-through and creative a process as it is a rational one† (Palmer, Richard and Akin 2008). Many processes and systems are uprooted during the course of bringing about the change in the organisation. So the different facets of organisational dynamics would be studied, so as to understand the dynamics which lead to strategic changes within the organisation. Also the types of such change would be discussed in order to understand the outcomes of such dynamics on the change management process in the organisation. Apart from this the study would also throw some light on the situations, opportunities, threats, and emerging issues, when change unfurl inside the organisations (Flamholtz, and Randle, 2008, p. 6-7). Even after knowing all the benefits, one thing remains constant that is change is complicated. An organisation faces numerous challenges while planning, and implementing change. So discussion on strategic changes with organisations is incomplete without analysing the challenges associated with the change process. The common challenge is

Just answer a question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Just answer a question - Essay Example Secondly, secondary pollutants that from the combination of several gases in the atmosphere to form compounds. To test this hypothesis, researchers need to delve into the history and collect information with industrialization as the focus. Undeniably, industrialization has contributed to air pollution through various ways. This research is not observatory in nature but involves the researcher’s opinion supported by other researchers who have participated in the same research before. For instance, compared to the past decade, statistics reveal a rise in growth in industrialization (â€Å"World resources Institute,† n.d). Therefore, a researcher has to check all developments that go with increased industrialization. There is increased use of energy to process and increased use of automobiles to carry processed products. This means that researchers have to evaluate the type of energy used by industries and their effects on air. Additionally, the researcher will evaluate the effects automobiles have in the atmosphere. For example, automobile in America life and society offers infor mation on the effects automobiles have to the environment in the history of America. Finally, the researcher will make a conclusion based on the management of industrial emissions to support

Marks and Spencer 2009-2010 Financial Analysis

Marks and Spencer 2009-2010 Financial Analysis This report aims to perform a financial analysis of Marks and Spencers, between 2009 and 2010. Generally, a companys financial statements reflect a certain period of changes in financial position and operating results. Thus, by analyzing the companys financial statements will be able to operate throughout of a basic understanding with its strength, financial adaptability and performance of company. As the annual report is provided information and content to all ranges of users, which includes the companys existing shareholders, potential investors, creditors, government and the nature of other users. Therefore different users of accounts may concentrate in only a few important parts of accounting data and business information. Ratios To compare the revenues across two years, MS has gained 9062.1m in 2009 and then growing to 9536.6m in 2010. It is also likely to continue to trend upward due to their long-term strategy and improved market share. MS managed their costs cautiously, paid attention and responded to their customers changing needs. Profitability Ratios Gross profit % 3618.5/9536.6 3371.9/9062.1 =37.94% =37.21% The figures show on the gross margin has increased from 37.21% to 37.94%, this increase may have arisen from the production costs or from a sales with a good sales value. Thus, MS is able to control its production costs and achieve and optimum sales price and sales quantity. It can be an indication of marketing effectiveness. Pre-tax profit % 702.7/9536.6 706.2/9062.1 =7.37% =7.79% The net profit margin is 7.793% in 2009 and decreased to 7.368 % in 2010. This shows the amount of the net profit from each  £1 turnover a business has earned. After-tax profit % 523/9536.6 506.8/9062.1 =5.48% =5.59% Performance Ratios After tax profit as a 523/2168.6 506.8/2081.7 shareholders funds =24.12% =24.35% Return on Investment 523/7153.2 506.8/7258.1 =7.31% 6.98% The ratio indicates that from 6.98% in 2009 which has increase to 7.31% in 2010. This is a very important ratio for all users of financial statements. Along with the rate of the degree is more efficiency on production, higher profitability MS will get. Earning per share 33.5p 32.3p This ratio used as indicator of financial performance. Compare to 2010 since 2009, there has been 1.2p increased from 32.3p to 33.5p. Dividends per share 15p 22.5p Return on capital 523/ (7153.2-1890.5) 506.8/ (7258.1-2306.9) Employed =9.94% =10.24% This ratio indicates the amount of capital invest in the company in the long term and with the return achieved on that capital. Based on the figures above, the percentage in 2010 has been decreased compare to year 2009. Overall business activities and corporate profitability, the stronger the higher the profitability; return on assets reflects shareholders and creditors  profitability of investment funds; return on equity reflects the profitability of the shareholders to invest.   Liquidity Ratios Current ratio 1520.2:1890.5 1389.8:2306.9 =0.804:1 =0.602:1 According to the rule says that the current ratio must be at least 2 which mean the current asset needs to be double to meet the current liabilities. the quick ratio is a relatively safe, low efficiency of the suspected high, too low, there may be poor management.In 2009 Marks and Spencers only had 0.602 worth of current assets for every pound of liabilities. Even though it has been increased to 0.804 in 2010, they were still unable to support its short term debt from its current assets. The company has considerably less cash in 2010 than in 2008. Quick ratio (1520.2-613.2):1890.5 (1389.8-536):2306.9 =0.48:1 =0.37:1 This ratio provides severe test of liquidity by omitting stocks. The ratio has increased from 0.37 to 0.48. Gearing 2278/2185.9 x 100% 2117.9/2100.6 x 100% =104.2 =100.8 The ratio concerns on long term capital structure. It indicates the relationship between debt and shareholder funds. If borrowings is bigger than equity, there will be a highly gear and this can raise more money as the higher the level of gearing, the greater the risk. Debt ratio 4967.3/7153.2 5157.5/7258.1 =0.694 =0.711 The ratio indicates debt is covered by shareholders funds. The debt to equity ratio shows for every  £1 of shareholders funds in 2009 there was  £0.711 of debt. This compares to  £0.694 in 2010, it has decreased. Short-term liquidity refers to the ability of companies to repay short-term debt.  Short-term solvency deficiency, not only will affect the credit, increasing the future cost and difficulty of raising funds, but also enables companies in financial crisis, or even bankruptcy.   The impact of internal factors Profitability  is  the core  concern  in all aspects, as well as  the key to success. Hence, only profitable companies can survive and achieve long-term sustainable business.  This is the reason whether investors or  creditors are both reflected very seriously in  the rate of  profitability of the business.  Views at 3 April, 2010, group revenues were increased 5.2% to 9.5bn, this is benefited from the growth of market share in the clothing and food market conditions improve. Based on UK sales of 2.9% and international sales of 5.7% increase, from the Singer Capital Markets analyst, Matthew McEachran, said MS non-food business has a good performance to some extent offset by a large-scale impact of profit sharing, making the companys annual earnings expectations basically reached the outside world.   Firstly, as a result of improving consumer confidence has seen the clothing market return to growth. Womenswear value market share grown to 10.7%, due to MS seems expanded their focus group of all ages and lifestyles. Chairman of MS, Stuart Rose said: In the past year, we achieved all the core areas of performance improvement, reflecting MS has a good brand influence. In bringing the company out of  economic crisis, we focus on the factors that consumers care about, namely, quality and value. At the same time, the economic outlook as consumers is still worried about a certain degree, so we are also cautious about the operation of current fiscal year. Therefore by way of retain their position as market leaders, it needs to deliver clothing for Every Women, Every Time. Which means every customer can have the product they want, in the right size, color and style every time when they shop in MS. Furthermore, lingerie has grown volume market share to 18.9% and value market share to 25.9%. This significant indicate that one out of four women buying MS underwear. This gain benefits continued emphasis on innovation and provides lingerie solutions women want. Similarly for menswear and kidswear, in order to become fashionability, MS has more focused on improving the style and designs, putting effort on deliver the best quality. Secondly, food sales of MS is another main revenue income, there was increased 1.8% to 4.3bn in 2010. One of the reasons is deflation with falling food prices and customers were buying more. According to MS annual report shows share of the apparel market in the UK rose 0.3% to reach 11.2%.  At the same time, with the level of consumer spending recovery, all branches of MSs sales are to achieve growth.   Since the summer of 2007 MS achieved comparable sales growth for the first time. However, despite the implementation of price-cutting strategy, MSs market share from 3.9% to 3.8%.   Shop Your Way is another reason of changes in profitability. It is a new ordering service, allowing customers either shop in stores, place orders online or over the phone. This makes an advantage that increasing the efficiency, delivered a strong performance, hence, sales grown by 27% to 413.3m. During 2009/10 international sales were up 5.7%, accounting for 10.2% of total revenues. Although it is hard trading in the Republic of Ireland and Greece, MS  insists international growth plans. India and China  considered as two key regions  overseas expansion.  As India  are convinced that  with  the tremendous  economic  development,  in the next  5-10  years,  there will be a large number of  middle class appear  in the community,  and they  will become  MSs  potential customers. The reason  placed such  high expectations  on overseas markets,  due to the  financial crisis  of this  hundred years old  business  in the local  enormous challenges encountered.  Because of  customers  are choosing  cheaper cost goods supermarket such as TESCO  and o ther  procurement,  caused MS  this past  Christmas  sales  worst  since 1998,  the year,  MS was forced to close  up more than 25  franchised  food  supermarkets and  lay off  thousands. Viewing the clothing market trends in China, MS seem to underestimate the Shanghai consumers fashion needs. According to the survey of Financial Times, consumers were disappointed with MS selling the old fashion of T shirt. Similarly as Daily Mail survey, most of the female consumers thought the only items MS worth buying is lingerie. And other clothes are too old and boring, prices also expensive with little choice. From the above reflects the consumers point of view, MS clothing market in China is still in a position of British middle-aged level, they did not know the elderly in China has been spending very little on clothes, even though they chose are the cheaper ones. Therefore in order to b uild a platform of long term growth, MS is continuing international expansion. Ensure creating sustainable business in these countries; represent a great opportunity for MS. However, on the premise of that, plan for regional variations and accurately stock with right colors and sizes are important. At present  there are more than  30 countries  around the world  with approximately  760  branches  of MS,  became  the most representative of  the UK  chain stores  and clothing  retailers.  In the global  environment from being damaged  under the impact, MS in  November 2007  implement a 5 years eco-plan called PLAN A to  cope with climate change  and other environmental  conservation issues  and the implementation of  waste reduction,  conservation of natural resources,  fair trade, etc.  to create  the correct  concept of environmental protection  of the  health  state.  In 2010  the scheme  had already reached  five main  objectives which are become carbon neutral, send no waste to landfill, extend sustainable sourcing, help improv e the lives of people in supply chain and help customers and employees  live a healthier life-style. This five main goals represent five key areas (climate change, waste, sustainable raw materials, fair partner and health and safety), and they divided for environmental protection and ecological 100 commitments.   From the promotion of PLAN A of the past twelve months, MS has been achieved: reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 55,000 tons within the shops and offices , supporting small-scale farmers feel investing in renewable energy production, the creation of three eco-store testing, purchase 140 air-powered environmental goods, the carbon footprint of the implementation of food programs to reduce waste activities, MS has begun to allow customers to reduce the use of shopping bags and to promote recycling and reuse of old clothes. In addition, MS is also working to reduce product packaging, not only to increase the use of recycled materials, and improve the recycling rate of building materials. In the development of sustainable resources, introduction of more fair trade higher goods, such as organic cotton, organic linen and recycled polyester material. Furthermore, increase 48% in sales of organic food. In a fair partner part of the promotion of fair trade certified products. PLAN A was succe ssfully established with suppliers trading patterns, and increased by 20% fair trade food sales. In terms of health, MS remove those 99% with artificial colors and spice rack food from sale and reduce the sodium content of food. PLAN A advocated by the environmental program has become internationally recognized as the practice of business ethics, but also by the Financial Times reported in March 2007 recognize as the best understanding of consumer needs, and focus on the popular social and environmental enterprises. According to the choice of partners, to promote social responsibility, health view on behalf of the establishment, removal of unhealthy products, able to recognition MS to improve the environment, green determination and enthusiasm. As a result, PLAN A gained 50m additional profit for MS. Ensure MS become succeeds, governance also affect the profitability. Focus on how to get things right across the business during 2009/10, a trusted brand, strong leadership, clear plan, motivated employees and delighted customers as well as right checks and balances. The impact of external factors One of the impacts of external factors on the profitability of MS will be their competitors. 40% compared to a decline in profits last year has been a great improvement though, but as the UKs largest clothing retailer, MS is far behind Next, John Lewis and Debenhams.   Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  MS in the economic crisis hit, especially deep, as it has been the face of competition from discount chain Primark clothing market share and strive to maintain.  It also recognizes too late to adjust their own high-end food business.     Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  The company as it started in full force, in terms of the introduction of cheap Wise Buys food products, such as the introduction of a new clothing line Indigo.   in order to reduce size of the deficit, the British newly formed coalition government plans to value-added tax rate from the current 17.5% to 20%, which will have a significant impact on MS.  Ross said the analyst meeting, MS almost certainly raise prices by the way the VAT increase onto consumers.  Ross also pointed out that since the budget announcement from Ireland, the countrys trade situation to achieve a steady improvement.  

American History: Emerson and Whitman

In a democracy Emerson wrote that man does not buy his rights and pay for his privileges. He has every right to speak up on an issue and does not need to pay the government to do so. Likewise he does not need to pay to cast his vote in an election. In a democracy man observes rules because doing so is the proper thing. He can not buy his way out to be exempted from obeying laws. The young will benefit from the fruits of democracy because the old shall have had their time.If the youth is able to use their God-given gift of â€Å"piquancy and charm† they would make the older generation â€Å"very unnecessary. † They would know how to take care of themselves and secure their future. Democracy for Whitman is where people are able to go about their daily lives without fear, â€Å"the machinist rolls up his sleeves, the policeman travels his beat, and the gatekeeper marks who pass. † Obviously, the people are the ones who enjoy the fruits of democracy as it allows them to pursue their business in the best and legal means without doing harm to others.According to Emerson it is easier to conform or to adapt to what the collective society stands for, but to be truly independent one must hold on to what he believes in despite overwhelming opposition. He has only his conscience to trust as to what is right and what is wrong. This attitude is what will spell the big difference â€Å"between greatness and meanness. † Whitman was more poetic in his take of independence. He said that it is when one has the â€Å"best of time and space, was never measured and will never be measured.† It meant that when a man is given the opportunity to do what he wanted, given the freedom to use it the way he thought fit is Whitman’s take on independence. Emerson believed that for man to be self-reliant he must first know himself, love his strengths and accept his weaknesses. While nature abounds with what can feed, clothe, and shelter man, he must tap and work on them by his own sweat or labor. Man is so endowed by God that there is nothing he can not do if he tries. Whitman likened self-reliance to travel. He showed a friend what there is to see in places near and far, and the road to take.The analogy could very well mean life in general. He can only be with the friend at some point but the rest will be up to the friend. He told his friend that â€Å"he must travel it for himself. † In life there are questions which answers â€Å"he must find out for yourself. † On cultural independence, Emerson challenged old traditions of the Church, to obey without question. He maintained that it was one’s conscience that he must listen to and not dead institutions and irrelevant societies. Whitman had a different approach with institutions, he was more for maintaining the status quo.Whitman wrote, â€Å"I accept reality and dare not question it, materialism first and last imbuing. † As for the spirit of social ex perimentation, Emerson opposed philanthropies of giving college grants, building half-way homes, alms-giving and organizing charities to the undeserving and regrets every cent and dollar doled out, despite the â€Å"obligation to put all poor men in good situations. † As for the issue of the slavery and the plight of the Blacks in Africa, Emerson said that â€Å"love afar is spite at home. He was for ensuring the welfare of one’s own before one can be so concerned with those of others.As for Whitman he welcomed, fed and cared for a runaway slave. He treated everyone equally, be they â€Å"the wicked or the righteous. † Emerson was among the American Transcendentalists and Romanticists from New England, who believed in the power of the mind which God had use to reveal the truth. He listened to the â€Å"voice of the mind. † Whitman was a Romantic writer especially with his association of the commonplace to Nature, like â€Å"the grass is itself a child, the produced babe of the vegetation. † Emerson approached Nature in the context of Man.He referred to â€Å"the nonchalance of boys as a healthy attitude of human nature,† and â€Å"pretty oracles nature yields us are the face and behavior of children, babes and brutes. † Whitman did not separate man, animals, the grass, the flowers, the fishes and the birds as he treats them all as Nature. He told of the activities of each without distinction of man and animal, bird or fish, flower or grass, â€Å"the wolverine sets traps, the young fellow drives the express wagon, the wild gander leads his pack. † Works Cited Emerson, R. W. â€Å"Self-Reliance. † Whitman, W. â€Å"Song of Myself. †

Midaq Alley in History Versus Midaq Alley

The women of the Middle East would continue to uphold their traditional image, even though in their heart of hearts many of them may be yearning for plain liberty.   The chief character of Naguib Mahfouz’s Midaq Alley (1992) is a woman by the name of Hamida, who must put up acts to stay true to her traditions, at the same time as she yearns for something beyond the ordinary.   Yet, her passage into a world where men and women must be considered equal is a narrow one. As a matter of fact, her life is the Midaq Alley, which â€Å"resembles a ‘trap,’ with walls on three sides, making darkness one of its pervasive features (Deeb).†Ã‚   What is more, there is a very narrow entrance and an equally narrow exit to the small alley – away from the big, outside world – that the Middle Eastern woman has come to represent in Mahfouz’s novel (Deeb). All the same, Marius Deeb, in her literary criticism of Midaq Alley, considers the novel in its historical context alone.   Hers is historical literary criticism of Midaq Alley, seeing that she describes the difference between the alley and the outside world as the division between traditions and modernity in the Eygpt of 1940s.   According to the author, the significance of the alley may only be explained in terms of the socio-cultural environment of the time that the novel is about. The difference between the alley and the outside world, in the author’s opinion, is similar to the division between the East and the West.   Even so, the most important character in the novel remains Hamida.   She is entirely different from the rest of the characters, and therefore demands the reader’s attention like nobody else in the novel.   Being the center of attention, she teaches a very important lesson about the perceived differences between men and women in the Middle East.   In essence, her story does not merely apply to the historical context of the novel.   Rather, it is the story of the perceived differences between Middle Eastern men and women even in our times. Hamida is the Midaq Alley, although Deeb does not mention her thus.   Not the kind to give up easily, she sneers at her husbands-to-be simply because she wants something better than them, most definitely a life that is more prosperous, and outright superior, that is, the big, outside world.   She considers her husbands-to-be as nonentities because she thinks she can achieve well for herself without them.   At the same time, she is bounded by Middle Eastern customs and culture to choose one prospect and get married like ordinary girls. Even if Hamida represents the East – in the East and West division of the world – the novel is mainly about the social differences between men and women.   These differences may be explained in terms of the separation between the heaven and the earth as well.   However, Deeb’s literary criticism does not describe the separation or differences beyond the historical context of the novel.   The author describes her interpretation of the novel thus: â€Å"We discern in this novel the division between the traditional world and the modern world in Egypt during the 1940, that is, to some extent, a re-enactment of the East-West dichotomy and the values, whether aesthetic or moral, which accompany those worlds (Deeb).† Hamida admires the women who have escaped their marital bonds.   She is especially inspired by the factory girls she knows – who all happen to be Jewish.   She informs her mother about the same, â€Å"If you had seen the factory girls!   You should just see those Jewish girls who go to work.   They all go about in nice clothes.   Well, what is the point of life then if we can't wear what we want (Mahfouz)?†Ã‚   According to Middle Eastern customs for women, Hamida must control her true desires before the cultural expectations that are attached to all women.   All the same, Mahfouz brings to the mind’s eye the picture of Middle Eastern women that are longing to free themselves from the bonds of patriarchy, and all the rules of society that are connected to the same. Apparently, the Middle Eastern women would also like to free themselves from the difficult clothing they are forced to wear.   Perhaps they would like breaks from such clothing.   While women such as Hamida may genuinely face a problem with restrictive customs, Mahfouz also describes the ‘proper’ girls that are not expected to show their desires anyway.   Boys of the Middle East, on the contrary, are allowed various other facilities, also according to the author.   Boys are permitted, among other things, access to sex, nightlife, and friendships outside the family. If Deeb’s criticism is correct, the East must want to totally blend into the West instead of guarding its culture as it does.   Even though Deeb’s interpretation of the differences between the alley and the outside world may be correct, it is incomplete and inconclusive seeing that it does not truly explain the striking differences between men and women in the novel. When Hamida gets married to Abbas, she only does so to escape her mother’s home.   Escape seems to be her only wish.   She turns into a prostitute as soon as her husband leaves home for an indefinite period of time.   But, does she find her eventual escape route through this act?   It appears that while many Middle Eastern women may be searching for escape routes from traditions, once and for all, it was only Hamida who actually managed to escape. Whether she had dreamt of reaching a brothel or not is not the point of Mahfouz’s tale.   The fact remains that Hamida had no choice to live a liberated life as a Middle Eastern woman, except as a prostitute.   Most Middle Eastern women would shun the idea of prostitution altogether, calling it a major sin.   However, Hamida was so desperate to escape that she defied the common image of the Middle Eastern woman to truly escape her cultural constraints, once and for all.   Whether she also found happiness is not the concern of the author either.   Hamida’s liberation, on the other hand, is an important message of Midaq Alley. Hamida was the kind who merely upheld the traditional image of the Middle Eastern woman, just as many other Middle Eastern women probably do.   At the same time, she was desperate enough to express her suppressed desires of liberation that she chose the career of prostitution so as to escape all associations with the patriarchal traditions.   Perhaps, therefore, Mahfouz’s writing is a warning for the extremely strict movements that reduce people to suppressed desperation, which eventually bursts into crimes and various other problems.   Deeb does not explain this lesson.   Moreover, her writing compels the reader to search for the truth behind the novel, seeing that her criticism is only partly true.   After all, Hamida found the opportunity to escape, while the East and traditions – if they represent the Midaq Alley – could not blend into the West and modernity. Works Cited Deeb, Marius. â€Å"Najib Mahfuz's Midaq Alley: A Socio-Cultural Analysis.†   Bulletin (British Society for Middle Eastern Studies), Vol. 10, No. 2 (1983), pp. 121-130. Mahfouz, Naguib. Midaq Alley. Reprint edition. New York: Anchor, 1992.

Oscar Wide s The Picture Of Dorian Gray - 914 Words

Oscar Wide’s The Picture of Dorian Gray illustrates Basil Hallward’s portrait as a primary catalyst for the fluctuating personality of Dorian Gray. As Dorian gazes at the portrait of himself, he is upset that even though he will continue to age and wrinkle, the portrait will always remain young, beautiful and unaltered. Upon multiple readings of The Picture of Dorian Gray deconstructive textual analysis suggests that there are always new interpretations of the image of the painting. â€Å"Ultimately, a text’s meaning is undecidable because each reading or rereading can elicit different interpretations† (Bressler pg 126). However, deconstructive textual analysis of the painting still infers that the painting not only resembles†¦show more content†¦However, his protective attitude is brought up due to obsession and attraction towards Dorian as his sole inspiration. Basil displays this quality when he quotes â€Å"Because, without intending it, I have put into it some expression of all this curious artistic idolatry† (Wilde pg.14) when Lord Henry asks why Basil is reluctant to exhibit his artwork. This entails a homoerotic connection between Basil and his artwork because of his sexual fascination towards his muse, Dorian. It is profoundly represented when Basil beseechingly confesses his adoration to Dorian;  "I wanted to have you all to myself†¦.†(Wilde pg 110) in order to calm down Dorian and continue painting him. The inspiration of Basil’s art was found through his fascination of Dorian because of his youth and beauty. The purpose of all artwork is to capture the beauty and elegance of an idea and present it through images or sound. The portrait of Dorian was signifier of beauty derived from the youth and physical features of Dorian, which stimulated Basil’s inspiration. Although beauty is subjective to eye of the holder, there are always agreements in nature of what is conceived to be beautiful compared to what isn’t. However, Wilde argues, â€Å"All art is quite useless† (Wilde pg 5) signifying the purpose of art is to have no purpose which is transcribed from the sequence of epigrams in the preface in The Picture of Dorian Gray. Basil’s sense of